NZ Historic Weather Events Catalogue

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ModerateMay 1941 Lower North Island Flooding ( 1941-05-04 )

Heavy rain caused flooding in southern Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui and Wellington.

North Island

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at North Island
Comments:

CauseA depression moved eastwards across North Island. A cold front, followed by strong south-east flow, stalled over southern parts of Hawkes Bay for a considerable time.

Hawke's Bay

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hawke's Bay
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy rain in central and southern Hawkes Bay on the 4th.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThere was serious flooding and counties of Weber, Akitio and Patangata suffered severely.

CommentNgaroruru River and Tutaekuri River were in moderate flood.

Affected LifelineRoads suffered extensive damage throughout the area from slips and washouts.

Stock DamageStock losses were expected to run into the thousands.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Hastings
Map Location: -39.635771 176.828045
Comments:

CommentHeavy wind accompanied the intermittent heavy rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

DamageHunters mill was completely underwater and the mens living quarters were washed away. More than 100,000 feet of logs and a large quanity of timber were carried away from the mill.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Porangahau
Map Location: -40.297164 176.611003
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau recorded 406 mm (40.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours (which has a return period of well over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau River burst its banks and flooding the township to depths of 4 ft (1.22 m).

ImpactThe maori pa was flooded. Houses in the pa were flooded up to the roof tops in some cases.

FloodingFlooding at Porangahau River
Map Location: -40.28704 176.57397
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau River rose 14.3 m above normal causing extensive flooding.

FloodingFlooding at Tukituki River
Map Location: -39.900244 176.162889
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicTukituki River rose 12 ft (3.66 m) above normal at Waipukurau.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wanstead
Map Location: -40.140814 176.537526
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWanstead recorded 9 in (22.86 cm) of rain overnight.

Manawatu-Wanganui

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Manawatu-Wanganui
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy rain on the 4th in the upper catchment of the Manawatu.

CommentThe average recurrance interval (ARI) for rainfall was well in excess of 150 years throughout Porangahau and Waione district, east of Puketoi Ranges.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere was extensive and heavy flooding throughout the Manawatu area.

CommentThe main flow came from the Manawatu catchment east of the Ruahine and Tararua Ranges.

ImpactManawatu River breached its banks resulting in extensive inundation on the outskirts of Woodville, between the Palmerston North to Napier highway, and between Ashurst and Palmerston North.

ImpactExtensive inundation occurred in the Taonui basin, the Buckley and Moutoa areas and around Longburn.

Area15,000 acres (6070 ha) were flooded in the Buckley and Moutoa areas. Water was flowing in from a breach in the river bank.

Affected LifelineMany bridges were washed away and roads were flooded. There were interruptions to roading networks throughout Manawatu.

DamageThere was considerable damage done to farms and fences.

DamageThere were very heavy crop and stock losses, particularly in the upper reaches of the catchment of the Manawatu.

Affected LifelineThe road from Woodville to Palmerston North was blocked by water covering the road.

Affected LifelineThe road from Pahiatua to Pongaroa was blocked.

Affected LifelineThe road from Shannon to Foxton was closed.

EvacueesMany families from Raukawa Road near Ashhurst, Te Matai and Hokowhitu district were evacuated.

FloodingFlooding at Akitio River
Map Location: -40.47313 176.29353
Comments:

Peak River LevelAkitio River rose 50 ft (15.2 m) in a few hours It was 13 ft (4.0 m) higher than the previous record flood in 1937.

Affected LifelineTwo bridges were swept away.

ImpactSilting on the flats was similar to the Esk Valley flood (in 1938) and covered the land to the level of the fences in some areas.

Stock DamageThere were considerable stock losses.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

CommentLandslips were widespread in the area.

FloodingFlooding at Ashhurst
Map Location: -40.292299 175.758134
Comments:

ImpactLow lands in Raukawa Road were covered with water.

Stock DamageOne farmer lost 400 sheep and some cattle and another farmer lost 150 sheep.

ImpactThere was disastrous flooding in the Ashhurst farming areas.

EvacueesFamilies in Ashhurst and Te Matai were evacuated.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dannevirke
Map Location: -40.212104 176.095139
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 4.64 in (11.79 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactWater spread over a wide area of flat land near the riverbed.

Stock DamageHundreds of sheep drowned.

Damage CostThe damage to the roads in Dannevirke county cost £4860 ($392,300 2009 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eketahuna
Map Location: -40.643504 175.709279
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 6.73 in (17.09 cm) of rain in 24 hours (which has a return period of 125 years).

FloodingFlooding at Hokowhitu River
Map Location: -40.3598 175.62629
Comments:

EvacueesTwo woman and a baby were removed from a caravan home. Manawatu Street and parts of Pahiatua Street were also evacuated.

ImpactHokowhitu school was closed.

ImpactA number of houses were isolated.

ImpactA carpet of silt lay over the roadway.

FloodingFlooding at Longburn
Map Location: -40.381237 175.534372
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe main road through Longburn was covered by 3 ft (0.91 m) of water.

EvacueesResidents were driven from their homes.

Affected LifelineThere were washouts on the railway line near Longburn Bridge and in Manawatu Gorge which interrupted train services.

FloodingFlooding at Manawatu Gorge
Map Location: -40.31792 175.798027
Comments:

ImpactA large amount of water ponded above the upstream end of the gorge, causing extensive flooding.

Physical CharacteristicAt the upper Gorge bridge gauge the river rose 43.0 ft (13.1 m). The gauge at the lower end of gorge was 21.0 ft (6.4 m), indicating the slope steepened through the gorge by 22 ft (6.7 m) accounting for the heavy ponding near Woodville.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a slip and washout along the railway line in the Manawatu Gorge. There were also slips across the road in the gorge.

FloodingFlooding at Manawatu River
Map Location: -40.31344 175.74075
Comments:

Peak DischargeManawatu River had a peak discharge of 128,000 cusecs (3625 cumecs) at the Fitzherbert Bridge with a level of 19.2 ft (5.85 m).

Stock DamageThere were dead bodies of hundreds of sheep (which could have possibly numbered thousands) seen in the river.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pahiatua
Map Location: -40.457232 175.849226
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPahiatua recorded 4.14 in (10.52 cm) of rain.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Palmerston North
Map Location: -40.355525 175.616438
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWest End recorded 2.46 in (6.25 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 4th.

Physical CharacteristicWest End recorded 0.33 in (0.84 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 5th.

EvacueesOn the 4th Manawatu River invaded Palmerston North and many houses were vacated.

Physical CharacteristicThere was water to a depth of 3.5 ft (1.1 m) in the gasworks at Terrace End.

ImpactThere were disastrous floods in the farming areas on the western bank and lower parts of the city.

FloodingFlooding at Rangiotu
Map Location: -40.421134 175.439206
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main highway near Rangiotu was covered by flood water.

FloodingFlooding at Taonui
Map Location: -40.256048 175.592591
Comments:

Area8700 acres (3521 ha) were inundated in the Taonui basin.

FloodingFlooding at Te Matai
Map Location: -38.967818 174.753685
Comments:

AreaIn Te Matai a block of 2000 acres (809 ha) was left a lake.

CommentIt was the worst flood in many years.

Crop DamageSome haystacks floated away.

ImpactSettlers found themselves marooned including over 18 Chinese market gardeners. 8 people were marooned for 36 hours.

DamageWater swept over pasture, fences were festooned with debris and hay caught in wires.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Weber
Map Location: -40.40033 176.3106
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWeber County recorded 260 mm (26.0 cm) of rain in 12 hours.

Physical CharacteristicWeber County recorded 324 mm (32.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentWeber County suffered badly from the floods.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Woodville
Map Location: -40.342202 175.873222
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWoodville recorded 4.30 in (10.92 cm) of rain.

Wellington

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wairarapa
Map Location: -41.207855 175.248076
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWairarapa district received 10 in (25.4 cm) of rain in 30 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactFlooding was most severe in rivers originating in the coastal ranges and the northern and central areas.

Stock DamageThere were severe stock losses.

ImpactRuamahanga River broke its banks in the upper reaches.

Affected LifelineSeveral bridges were washed away.

Affected LifelineLarge slips and washouts blocked many roads.

Damage CostThe total damage to Wairarapa county roads cost £23,500 ($1,897,000 2009 dollars).

ImpactFloods were particularly severe in Te Wharau, Tinui, Wangaehu and Alfredton, where houses were invaded by waters.

Affected LifelineThe 80 ft (24.4 m) long Brooklyn Bridge was washed away.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactThe high intensity of the rainfall caused much slipping and scarring of hillsides.

FloodingFlooding at Tinui
Map Location: -40.877878 176.065376
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Tinui, Whareama and Tinui Rivers rose rapidly and houses flooded to depths of 18 in (0.46 m) or more

FloodingFlooding at Alfredton
Map Location: -40.67866 175.85801
Comments:

ImpactAlfredton and Pongaroa were isolated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Property DamageA house at Alfredton was partially buried by a slip.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu River
Map Location: -40.88197 175.77829
Comments:

ImpactWhangaehu and Te Ore Ore experienced more serious flooding than any residents can recall.

DamageWhangaehu River overflowed carrying away bridges, fences, firewood and dog kennels.

LandslideLandslide at Masterton
Map Location: -40.964296 175.667649
Comments:

Affected LifelineMany outlying roads were blocked by slips.

FloodingFlooding at Taueru River
Map Location: -40.98958 175.76108
Comments:

CommentTaueru River rose 2 ft (0.61 m) higer than the previous record flood height in 1936.

FloodingFlooding at Bideford
Map Location: -40.86472 175.86687
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Bideford the flood reached 8 to 10 ft (2.4-3.0 m) above the previous record level.

Stock DamageStock losses in this area were particularly severe.

FloodingFlooding at Te Whiti
Map Location: -41.0072 175.67262
Comments:

ImpactBelow Masterton, the river flooded large areas around Te Whiti, completely isolating some areas.

DamageTwo abandoned cars were washed off the road in this area.

References

Cowie, C.A; Attwood, A.K.(1957) FLOODS in NEW ZEALAND 1920 -53, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand 239p.
Hawkes Bay Regional Council: www.hbrc.govt.nz
Johnston, D.D., and Pearse, L.J. 2007. Hazards in Hawke's Bay. Hawke's Bay Regional Council, Napier, New Zealand.
NZ Met Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
Saunders, W.(2000) Planning and Resources, Hazard and Emergency Management Section, WAIRARAPA DIVISION, Wairarapa Storm Events 1880 - 1998, Technical Report No. 00/17
Headline: Heavy Flooding, Manawatu breaks loose.
The Evening Post, May 5 1941.
Headline: Severe Flooding, large areas inundated.
The Manawatu Evening Standard, 5 May 1941.
Headline: Manawatu in flood, Lower lands covered.
The Manawatu Evening Standard, 6 May 1941.

ModerateMay 1941 Lower North Island Flooding ( 1941-05-04 )

Heavy rain caused flooding in southern Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui and Wellington.

North Island

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at North Island
Comments:

CauseA depression moved eastwards across North Island. A cold front, followed by strong south-east flow, stalled over southern parts of Hawkes Bay for a considerable time.

Hawke's Bay

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hawke's Bay
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy rain in central and southern Hawkes Bay on the 4th.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThere was serious flooding and counties of Weber, Akitio and Patangata suffered severely.

CommentNgaroruru River and Tutaekuri River were in moderate flood.

Affected LifelineRoads suffered extensive damage throughout the area from slips and washouts.

Stock DamageStock losses were expected to run into the thousands.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Hastings
Map Location: -39.635771 176.828045
Comments:

CommentHeavy wind accompanied the intermittent heavy rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

DamageHunters mill was completely underwater and the mens living quarters were washed away. More than 100,000 feet of logs and a large quanity of timber were carried away from the mill.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Porangahau
Map Location: -40.297164 176.611003
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau recorded 406 mm (40.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours (which has a return period of well over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau River burst its banks and flooding the township to depths of 4 ft (1.22 m).

ImpactThe maori pa was flooded. Houses in the pa were flooded up to the roof tops in some cases.

FloodingFlooding at Porangahau River
Map Location: -40.28704 176.57397
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPorangahau River rose 14.3 m above normal causing extensive flooding.

FloodingFlooding at Tukituki River
Map Location: -39.900244 176.162889
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicTukituki River rose 12 ft (3.66 m) above normal at Waipukurau.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wanstead
Map Location: -40.140814 176.537526
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWanstead recorded 9 in (22.86 cm) of rain overnight.

Manawatu-Wanganui

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Manawatu-Wanganui
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy rain on the 4th in the upper catchment of the Manawatu.

CommentThe average recurrance interval (ARI) for rainfall was well in excess of 150 years throughout Porangahau and Waione district, east of Puketoi Ranges.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere was extensive and heavy flooding throughout the Manawatu area.

CommentThe main flow came from the Manawatu catchment east of the Ruahine and Tararua Ranges.

ImpactManawatu River breached its banks resulting in extensive inundation on the outskirts of Woodville, between the Palmerston North to Napier highway, and between Ashurst and Palmerston North.

ImpactExtensive inundation occurred in the Taonui basin, the Buckley and Moutoa areas and around Longburn.

Area15,000 acres (6070 ha) were flooded in the Buckley and Moutoa areas. Water was flowing in from a breach in the river bank.

Affected LifelineMany bridges were washed away and roads were flooded. There were interruptions to roading networks throughout Manawatu.

DamageThere was considerable damage done to farms and fences.

DamageThere were very heavy crop and stock losses, particularly in the upper reaches of the catchment of the Manawatu.

Affected LifelineThe road from Woodville to Palmerston North was blocked by water covering the road.

Affected LifelineThe road from Pahiatua to Pongaroa was blocked.

Affected LifelineThe road from Shannon to Foxton was closed.

EvacueesMany families from Raukawa Road near Ashhurst, Te Matai and Hokowhitu district were evacuated.

FloodingFlooding at Akitio River
Map Location: -40.47313 176.29353
Comments:

Peak River LevelAkitio River rose 50 ft (15.2 m) in a few hours It was 13 ft (4.0 m) higher than the previous record flood in 1937.

Affected LifelineTwo bridges were swept away.

ImpactSilting on the flats was similar to the Esk Valley flood (in 1938) and covered the land to the level of the fences in some areas.

Stock DamageThere were considerable stock losses.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

CommentLandslips were widespread in the area.

FloodingFlooding at Ashhurst
Map Location: -40.292299 175.758134
Comments:

ImpactLow lands in Raukawa Road were covered with water.

Stock DamageOne farmer lost 400 sheep and some cattle and another farmer lost 150 sheep.

ImpactThere was disastrous flooding in the Ashhurst farming areas.

EvacueesFamilies in Ashhurst and Te Matai were evacuated.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dannevirke
Map Location: -40.212104 176.095139
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 4.64 in (11.79 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactWater spread over a wide area of flat land near the riverbed.

Stock DamageHundreds of sheep drowned.

Damage CostThe damage to the roads in Dannevirke county cost £4860 ($392,300 2009 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eketahuna
Map Location: -40.643504 175.709279
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 6.73 in (17.09 cm) of rain in 24 hours (which has a return period of 125 years).

FloodingFlooding at Hokowhitu River
Map Location: -40.3598 175.62629
Comments:

EvacueesTwo woman and a baby were removed from a caravan home. Manawatu Street and parts of Pahiatua Street were also evacuated.

ImpactHokowhitu school was closed.

ImpactA number of houses were isolated.

ImpactA carpet of silt lay over the roadway.

FloodingFlooding at Longburn
Map Location: -40.381237 175.534372
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe main road through Longburn was covered by 3 ft (0.91 m) of water.

EvacueesResidents were driven from their homes.

Affected LifelineThere were washouts on the railway line near Longburn Bridge and in Manawatu Gorge which interrupted train services.

FloodingFlooding at Manawatu Gorge
Map Location: -40.31792 175.798027
Comments:

ImpactA large amount of water ponded above the upstream end of the gorge, causing extensive flooding.

Physical CharacteristicAt the upper Gorge bridge gauge the river rose 43.0 ft (13.1 m). The gauge at the lower end of gorge was 21.0 ft (6.4 m), indicating the slope steepened through the gorge by 22 ft (6.7 m) accounting for the heavy ponding near Woodville.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a slip and washout along the railway line in the Manawatu Gorge. There were also slips across the road in the gorge.

FloodingFlooding at Manawatu River
Map Location: -40.31344 175.74075
Comments:

Peak DischargeManawatu River had a peak discharge of 128,000 cusecs (3625 cumecs) at the Fitzherbert Bridge with a level of 19.2 ft (5.85 m).

Stock DamageThere were dead bodies of hundreds of sheep (which could have possibly numbered thousands) seen in the river.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pahiatua
Map Location: -40.457232 175.849226
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPahiatua recorded 4.14 in (10.52 cm) of rain.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Palmerston North
Map Location: -40.355525 175.616438
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWest End recorded 2.46 in (6.25 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 4th.

Physical CharacteristicWest End recorded 0.33 in (0.84 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 5th.

EvacueesOn the 4th Manawatu River invaded Palmerston North and many houses were vacated.

Physical CharacteristicThere was water to a depth of 3.5 ft (1.1 m) in the gasworks at Terrace End.

ImpactThere were disastrous floods in the farming areas on the western bank and lower parts of the city.

FloodingFlooding at Rangiotu
Map Location: -40.421134 175.439206
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main highway near Rangiotu was covered by flood water.

FloodingFlooding at Taonui
Map Location: -40.256048 175.592591
Comments:

Area8700 acres (3521 ha) were inundated in the Taonui basin.

FloodingFlooding at Te Matai
Map Location: -38.967818 174.753685
Comments:

AreaIn Te Matai a block of 2000 acres (809 ha) was left a lake.

CommentIt was the worst flood in many years.

Crop DamageSome haystacks floated away.

ImpactSettlers found themselves marooned including over 18 Chinese market gardeners. 8 people were marooned for 36 hours.

DamageWater swept over pasture, fences were festooned with debris and hay caught in wires.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Weber
Map Location: -40.40033 176.3106
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWeber County recorded 260 mm (26.0 cm) of rain in 12 hours.

Physical CharacteristicWeber County recorded 324 mm (32.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentWeber County suffered badly from the floods.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Woodville
Map Location: -40.342202 175.873222
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWoodville recorded 4.30 in (10.92 cm) of rain.

Wellington

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wairarapa
Map Location: -41.207855 175.248076
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWairarapa district received 10 in (25.4 cm) of rain in 30 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactFlooding was most severe in rivers originating in the coastal ranges and the northern and central areas.

Stock DamageThere were severe stock losses.

ImpactRuamahanga River broke its banks in the upper reaches.

Affected LifelineSeveral bridges were washed away.

Affected LifelineLarge slips and washouts blocked many roads.

Damage CostThe total damage to Wairarapa county roads cost £23,500 ($1,897,000 2009 dollars).

ImpactFloods were particularly severe in Te Wharau, Tinui, Wangaehu and Alfredton, where houses were invaded by waters.

Affected LifelineThe 80 ft (24.4 m) long Brooklyn Bridge was washed away.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactThe high intensity of the rainfall caused much slipping and scarring of hillsides.

FloodingFlooding at Tinui
Map Location: -40.877878 176.065376
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Tinui, Whareama and Tinui Rivers rose rapidly and houses flooded to depths of 18 in (0.46 m) or more

FloodingFlooding at Alfredton
Map Location: -40.67866 175.85801
Comments:

ImpactAlfredton and Pongaroa were isolated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Property DamageA house at Alfredton was partially buried by a slip.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu River
Map Location: -40.88197 175.77829
Comments:

ImpactWhangaehu and Te Ore Ore experienced more serious flooding than any residents can recall.

DamageWhangaehu River overflowed carrying away bridges, fences, firewood and dog kennels.

LandslideLandslide at Masterton
Map Location: -40.964296 175.667649
Comments:

Affected LifelineMany outlying roads were blocked by slips.

FloodingFlooding at Taueru River
Map Location: -40.98958 175.76108
Comments:

CommentTaueru River rose 2 ft (0.61 m) higer than the previous record flood height in 1936.

FloodingFlooding at Bideford
Map Location: -40.86472 175.86687
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Bideford the flood reached 8 to 10 ft (2.4-3.0 m) above the previous record level.

Stock DamageStock losses in this area were particularly severe.

FloodingFlooding at Te Whiti
Map Location: -41.0072 175.67262
Comments:

ImpactBelow Masterton, the river flooded large areas around Te Whiti, completely isolating some areas.

DamageTwo abandoned cars were washed off the road in this area.

References

Cowie, C.A; Attwood, A.K.(1957) FLOODS in NEW ZEALAND 1920 -53, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand 239p.
Hawkes Bay Regional Council: www.hbrc.govt.nz
Johnston, D.D., and Pearse, L.J. 2007. Hazards in Hawke's Bay. Hawke's Bay Regional Council, Napier, New Zealand.
NZ Met Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
Saunders, W.(2000) Planning and Resources, Hazard and Emergency Management Section, WAIRARAPA DIVISION, Wairarapa Storm Events 1880 - 1998, Technical Report No. 00/17
Headline: Heavy Flooding, Manawatu breaks loose.
The Evening Post, May 5 1941.
Headline: Severe Flooding, large areas inundated.
The Manawatu Evening Standard, 5 May 1941.
Headline: Manawatu in flood, Lower lands covered.
The Manawatu Evening Standard, 6 May 1941.