NZ Historic Weather Events Catalogue

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ExtremeFebruary 1936 North Island Ex-tropical Cyclone ( 1936-02-01 )

An ex-tropical cyclone brought high winds, heavy rain, flooding and rough seas to the whole North Island and Marlborough, which caused widespread damage. There were casualties at Kaitaia, near Thames, at New Plymouth, at Palmerston North, at Masterton, in the Tararua Range and at Tinui.

New Zealand

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at New Zealand
Duration:   2  days - From the 1st till the 2nd of February.
Comments:

CauseAn ex-tropical cyclone. The storm passed just to west of Cape Maria van Diemen at about midnight on the 1st/2nd. It was about 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Auckland at 9am, and passed in a south-easterly direction over Napier at about 3pm.

Total DamageThe total nationwide damage was roughly $800 million 2000 Dollars ($1,001,600,000 2008 dollars).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at North Island
Comments:

CommentOne of the worst storms of its time swept with cyclonic fury through the North Island on the night of the 1st and the early hours of the 2nd.

CommentHigh rainfall and at least surface flooding affected all of the North Island.

Affected LifelineFloods, slips and washouts caused interruptions on roads and railways. All communication north of Auckland was interrupted. The Napier-Taupo road was blocked. The Main North Road was blocked between Mimi (Taranaki) and Awakino (Waikato), with water over the road in dozens of places. There were also small slips and trees over the road in some places. The Wanganui-Raetihi road was closed.

Affected LifelineTelegraphic and telephone communications between Whangarei and south of Warkworth were cut off.

DamagePhenomenal rainfall and extreme winds caused widespread damage and destruction of property throughout the North Island.

Damage CostThe total damage to county roads in the North Island was £114,890 ($11,607,600 2008 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentA belt of intensely heavy rainfall passed over the country in advance of the centre of cyclone.

Physical CharacteristicAlmost every part of the North Island received at least 75 mm (7.5 cm) of rain. Over 30% of places exceeded 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain and more than 200 mm (20.0 cm) fell in many eastern localities from Whangarei to Manukau Heads.

CommentIt was a 100 year rainfall event at 2% of New Zealand rain gauge sites.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentMost major rivers were in flood.

Stock DamageDrowned sheep, cattle, pigs and chickens were seen floating down rivers all over the North Island.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineSlips blocked the railway line between Tauranga (Bay of Plenty) and Waihi (Waikato).

Affected LifelineA number of slips occurred on the Kaimai Road. There was a huge slip on the Wellington-Napier highway.

Northland

FloodingFlooding at Northland
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was widespread dislocation of communication services. Damage was done to roads and bridges in the Otamatea County. Two bridges shifted out of position and a culvert was carried away. The road between Dargaville and Mamarimu (Mamaranui?) was blocked.

Affected LifelineThere were numerous washouts on the railway line between Otiria and Whakapara. Railway bridge approaches and ballast were washed away.

Stock DamageStock losses were heavy in all districts.

Crop DamageThere were heavy losses of hay and ensilage.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were seven slips on the railway line between Maungatoroto and Mareretu. There were extensive slips on the railway between Tangowahine and Waiotira.

Affected LifelineIn two or three places between Kaiwaka and Maungatoroto, portions of the road had slipped away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads that were blocked inculded the Whangarei-Pipiwai road, the Whangarei-Whangarei Heads road, the Kiripaka-Ngunguru road and the Whangarei-Russell road.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageExtreme winds caused widespread damage.

FloodingFlooding at Hikurangi
Map Location: -35.597981 174.28778
Comments:

ImpactThe Hikurangi Coal Company's Royal Oak mine was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Hikurangi Swamp
Map Location: -35.56867 174.23537
Comments:

CommentThe flood in the Hikurangi Swamp was said to be the worst yet.

Area15,000 acres (60.70 km^2) of the Hikurangi swamp was submerged in flood waters.

FloodingFlooding at Hukerenui
Map Location: -35.51942 174.190367
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe bar at Hukerenui Hotel had 3 ft (90 cm) of water in it.

FloodingFlooding at Kaihu
Map Location: -35.770311 173.700017
Comments:

CommentA big flood developed in the Kaihu Valley.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kaikohe
Map Location: -35.406232 173.80745
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKaikohe recorded 8.53 in (21.7 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineA train was marooned at Kaikohe.

Affected LifelineKaikohe was isolated. Most of the roads leading to the station were under water.

ImpactAll the surrounding country was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Kaimamaku
Map Location: -35.504141 174.295908
Comments:

CommentThe flood at Kaimamaku was said to be the largest ever experienced.

DamageTrees and fences were swept away.

Affected LifelineThe swing bridge at Kaimamakau disappeared.

Physical CharacteristicPastures were under feet of water.

FloodingFlooding at Kaitaia
Map Location: -35.107541 173.248564
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe main street at Kaitaia was flooded 1 m deep.

CasualtiesA young man was drowned at Kaitaia when a house collapsed and was washed away while he was trying to retrieve personal belongings.

Property DamageKaitaia suffered severely, with water entering many business premises and homes. Silt deposits were left on floors.

Affected LifelinePortions of the main street were torn up.

Peak Water LevelWater flowed down the main street to a depth of 3 ft 6 in (1.1 m).

Physical CharacteristicThe floor of the Council Chambers was under 14 in (36 cm) of water.

Affected LifelineThe electric lighting plant for the theatre and Archibalds was damaged by water and out of action.

FloodingFlooding at Kawakawa
Map Location: -35.383033 174.058065
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were washouts on the railway line on both sides of Kawakawa.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kerikeri
Map Location: -35.226015 173.946775
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKerikeri recorded 10 in (25.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Kerikeri bridge was swept away.

FloodingFlooding at Kirikopuni
Map Location: -35.84455 174.008588
Comments:

Affected LifelineBridge approaches were washed out on the Kirikopuni Branch Line.

Affected LifelineAll telephone lines were down on the Kirikopuni Branch Line.

FloodingFlooding at Mangakahia River
Map Location: -35.70094 173.951098
Comments:

CommentIn the Mangakahia Valley, the water levels were higher than in the 1917 flood.

FloodingFlooding at Mangawhai Estuary
Map Location: -36.111706 174.579787
Comments:

Affected LifelineRaised roads and bridges across the Mangawhai Inlet were covered by the flood.

LandslideLandslide at Matapouri
Map Location: -35.564979 174.493979
Comments:

CommentThe rain brought down many slips at Matapouri.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThere was a fierce gale.

Property DamageThe roof of w car shed was blown away. A big pohutukawa was uprooted.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThere were heavy seas.

DamageA dinghy was smashed to matchwood.

LandslideLandslide at Maungaturoto
Map Location: -36.111292 174.354299
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were many slips through the Maungaturoto Gorge.

LandslideLandslide at Okaihau
Map Location: -35.321364 173.772793
Comments:

Affected LifelineA large slip occurred in the Okaihau railway tunnel.

LandslideLandslide at Opua
Map Location: -35.314323 174.11743
Comments:

Affected LifelineA big slip occurred in the Opua rail tunnel.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Paihia
Map Location: -35.284049 174.084489
Comments:

DamageAt Paihia, 20 boats and launches were smashed to pieces.

FloodingFlooding at Paparoa
Map Location: -36.100175 174.23636
Comments:

CommentThe flood at Paparoa was the highest since 1920.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Puhipuhi
Map Location: -35.480598 174.26901
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPuhipuhi recorded 350 mm (35.0 cm) of rain.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ruatangata West
Map Location: -35.66112 174.17358
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRuatangata recorded 9.34 in (23.7 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Russell
Map Location: -35.260642 174.122015
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRussell recorded 11.84 in (30.1 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding at Titoki
Map Location: -35.734519 174.058818
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Mangakahi River rose 19 m at Titoki.

Affected Lifeline50 ft (15 m) of the bridge spanning the Hikurangi River was carried away.

FloodingFlooding at Waitangi
Map Location: -35.267846 174.082573
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Waitangi, the river rose 2.5 m in 20 minutes.

FloodingFlooding at Whakapara
Map Location: -35.541332 174.277325
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe rail bride at Whakapara was destroyed and several chains of railway line was washed away.

CommentThe flood at Whakapara was the largest that could be remembered.

Crop DamageStacks of hay were washed away.

Affected LifelineRoads were badly damaged.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Whangarei
Map Location: -35.719519 174.298397
Comments:

CommentA severe storm at Whangarei on the 1st was accompained by phenomenal rain.

Physical CharacteristicWhangarei recorded 11.41 in (29.0 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe lower lying areas of the town were flooded when Waiarohia Stream overflowed. Water entered a number of buildings and houses.

Affected LifelineFlood waters ran through the business district and tore up footpaths. The main streets were roaring torrents. The Bank Street footpaths were torn up for 1/2 mile (800 m).

Peak Water LevelThe flooding in Whangarei was up to 1 m deep.

CommentThis was one of the worst floods within living memory.

Affected LifelineWhangarei was isolated in all directions due to flooding. Dozens of houses were isolated by water several feet deep.

ImpactWhen Waiarohia Stream broke its banks, houses were abandoned and furniture removed. In Walton St, five houses had water pouring through them.

Property DamageThere was considerable loss to private property. A shed was completely demolished by Waiarohia Stream.

Physical CharacteristicWater swept through the Whangarei Co-operative Dairy Company, with 4-5 ft (1.2-1.5 m) of water on the boiler room floor.

Property DamageThe dairy company's losses included: 60 40-gallon drums of benzine swept out to sea, minor damage to thousands of butter boxes, the loss of several tons of soda and the loss of an unknown quantity of buttermilk powder.

DamageMair Park was ruined.

Physical CharacteristicThe bowling club's lower green was covered to a depth of 3 ft (90 cm).

Affected LifelineThe railway yards were submerged and the railway bridge north of Whangarei was destroyed, stopping rail traffic for days.

Crop DamageCrops were destroyed.

EvacueesMany people had to hastily abandon their homes.

Affected LifelineThe bridge on Woods Road was scoured.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThere were heavy south-westerly gales on the 1st.

Property DamageSeveral cottages were blown down.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThe flood waters could not escape due to the extra high tides.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentAll telephone circuits from Whangarei to Auckland were blocked.

Auckland

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Auckland
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe lowest pressure recorded was 974 mb at Auckland at 10am.

Affected LifelineTelephone, telegraph and power services were disrupted.

Affected LifelineRoads and railways were blocked by slips and heavy floods in some areas.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the province totalled £35,327 ($3,569,200 2008 dollars).

DamageDamage was caused in almost every suburb of Auckland.

Stock DamageThere were heavy stock losses.

Total DamageThe damage totalled £115,000 ($11,619,000 2008 dollars).

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

DamageOn the Auckland waterfront and Hauraki Gulf, 40 small craft either sunk or were damaged. It was estimated that over 100 pleasure crafts were either destroyed or severely damaged.

Stock Damage24 sheep died while being transported by ship from Hokianga to Onehunga.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA south-west gale raged in Auckland on the 2nd.

Property DamageIn the Auckland suburbs several roofs were lost and trees were uprooted. Shop windows were blown in, hoardings and fences were levelled, and gats were torn off hinges.

Affected LifelineFalling trees brought down power lines in all suburbs and delayed trams.

Crop DamageOrchards suffered serious damage. Henderson and Huapai orchardists were hard hit, reporting that 90% of fruit, mostly apples and pears, was shaken to the ground. Individual orchardists stated that the destruction of trees and crops had cost them from £200-£500 ($20,200-$50,500 2008 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Auckland City
Map Location: -36.852397 174.762337
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAuckland city recorded 6.38 in (16.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period 45 years).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe storm on the 2nd brought Auckland's barometric pressure down near record figures. The official reading on this occasion was 28.766 inches (974.1 hPa).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Henderson
Map Location: -36.880798 174.619453
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicHenderson recorded 6.91 in (17.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Peak Wind SpeedHenderson recorded a wind velocity of 90 mph (145 km/hr).

FloodingFlooding at Mangatangi
Map Location: -37.201137 175.187605
Comments:

Stock DamageSheep and pigs were drowned in the Mangatangi Valley.

FloodingFlooding at Karaka
Map Location: -37.102448 174.872811
Comments:

CommentThe event at Karaka had an estimated return period of 20 years.

Property DamageDamage was done to streets and businesses.

FloodingFlooding at Mangatawhiri
Map Location: -37.218243 175.119949
Comments:

ImpactThe Mangatawhiri Stream overflowed and inundated farms.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at One Tree Hill
Map Location: -36.901098 174.787707
Comments:

DamageHundreds of trees in Cornwall Park were snapped off or uprooted.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Orakei
Map Location: -36.857346 174.816861
Comments:

Damage CostAt the Auckland Gliding Club in Orakei, the hanger was smashed and two gliders inside were destroyed. The damage was estimated at £150 ($15,200 2008 dollars).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Pukekohe
Map Location: -37.206561 174.898162
Comments:

Crop DamageAt Pukekohe, potato plants were sheared off at ground level.

Property DamageBuildings were demolished.

Affected LifelinePoles were levelled.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageStock losses were reported at Pukekohe.

FloodingFlooding at Tahekeroa
Map Location: -36.527856 174.565925
Comments:

ImpactFloods marooned a train from Auckland at Tahikeroa, forcing passengers to sleep in carriages on both the night of the 1st and the night of the 2nd.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Warkworth
Map Location: -36.40461 174.668477
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWarkworth recorded 10.81 in (27.5 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 120 years).

Waikato

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Waikato
Comments:

CommentThis was the greastest storm within the memory of a generation.

CommentTorrential rain was accompanied by north-westerly winds.

Affected LifelineMany areas in the Waikato were isolated by telephone wires broken by falling debris, slips and the floods. All communications along the East Coast were severed, but a temporary line was put from Paeroa to Waihi later on the 2nd.

Crop DamageThere were heavy crop losses. Haystacks in some King Country localities suffered severely.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageHigh winds razed several trees.

DamageMany trees were uprooted in King Country.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Waikato River was a swirling turbid stream, in the greastest flood since 1907.

ImpactAll low-lying areas along the Waikato River were flooded.

Physical CharacteristicThe water level was 12 ft (3.7 m) above normal in some areas.

Stock DamageThere were heavy stock losses.

Property DamageHeavy damage was done to property.

Affected LifelineThe road between Paeroa and Te Aroha was impassable for a time on the 2nd. The Thames Coast Road suffered severe damage, with numerous washouts all along the road. All traffic with Coromandel and Mercury Bay was cut off for a time by the collapse of the bridge at Waiomu.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Waikato district totalled £5,875 ($593,600 2008 dollars).

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Hauraki district totalled £4,400 ($444,500 2008 dollars).

CommentThere was extensive flooding throughout the Hauraki district.

CommentThere was a flood of exceptional dimensions in the Waihou River.

CommentThe surrounding districts of Paeroa, including parts of the Hauraki Plains, the Ohinemuri and Piako counties and the entire Thames Valley, suffered extensively from severe flooding of swollen rivers and creeks.

ImpactLarge areas of King Country farmland were inundated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineSeveral slips came down on the railway line between Waihi and Paeroa.

FloodingFlooding at Arapuni
Map Location: -38.069486 175.651148
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waikato River at Arapuni peaked at 14,940 cusecs (423 cumecs).

LandslideLandslide at Awakino Gorge
Map Location: -38.665063 174.716871
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were slips in the Awakino Valley.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Cambridge
Map Location: -37.886228 175.445175
Comments:

CommentIt was the worst storm in Cambridge for years.

DamageConsiderable damage was done.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentAn east to south-east wind rose to gale force during the night.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentKarapiro Stream was in high flood.

Affected LifelineTwo bridges were washed away.

ImpactMuch property was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Hamilton
Map Location: -37.780816 175.272836
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waikato River rose 10 ft (3.0 m) above normal at Hamilton.

ImpactSeveral buildings in Hamilton were invaded.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hikutaia
Map Location: -37.290044 175.654673
Comments:

CommentThe rainfall at Hikutaia was severe.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe flooding at Hikutaia was severe.

ImpactThe Ohinemuri River inundated thousands of acres of farmland.

ImpactWater rushed through shops, hotels and all the houses on the main road. The bowling green, croquet and tennis courts were under water due to the Hikutaia River coming over the main road.

Stock DamageAt the saleyards, 400 valuable sheep were drowned when their pen was swept against fencing. On Mr Young's farm, four cows were electrocuted by falling power lines.

Damage CostThe cost of the sheep at the saleyards was estimated at about £400 ($40,400 2008 dollars).

Crop DamageAll maize, fruit and other crops were badly damaged. Two paddocks of cut hay were swept away.

Property DamageAt the Hikutaia saleyards, flood waters wrought devastating damage and laid waste a wide area.

Affected LifelineAll electric power was off throughout the district on the 2nd, and water was still off from the mains on the 3rd. All the power poles were down on Mr Young's farm.

Property DamageThe bakery was severely flooded and all the flour was lost.

Affected LifelineThe tar-sealing was all ripped up in front of the bank.

CommentPiles of debris left on the top of the stopbanks indicated the height and force of the flood.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Huntly
Map Location: -37.559936 175.162622
Comments:

DamageHuntly escaped lightly, with several trees blown down.

Property DamageThe verandah of a house was torn from its foundations and thrown by the wind.

FloodingFlooding at Karangahake
Map Location: -37.420018 175.722855
Comments:

Affected LifelineA fierce torrent of black, muddy water rushed through Karangahake tunnel from Waikino to the Gorge, causing a large pile-up of silt and debris in the Gorge.

Physical CharacteristicWater in the Karangahake railway tunnel was 3 in (7.6 cm) over the rail level at the Waihi entrance.

Affected LifelineThe swing bridge across the Ohinemuri River from the store to the railway station was washed away.

Stock DamageCattle were seen floating in the flood waters.

ImpactPeople had to wade through flood waters to their homes. The members of one family were forced to climb higher up the mountain to avoid the flood waters and another couple spent a night on the roof of their house.

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Karangahake had a peak discharge of 33,200 cusecs (940 cumecs) on the 2nd, with a catchment area of 111 square miles (287 km^2).

FloodingFlooding at Kauaeranga
Map Location: -37.146613 175.601442
Comments:

Property DamageConsiderable damage was done to farms in the Kauaeranga Valley.

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Kawhia
Map Location: -38.064484 174.82496
Comments:

DamageBoats in the harbour broke from their moorings and several smaller boats were patially buried in the sand.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineBridges were swept away.

ImpactA large area of pasture was inundated.

Stock DamageMany sheep and fowl were drowned.

FloodingFlooding at Mackaytown
Map Location: -37.410373 175.711746
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Ohinemuri River at Mackaytown reached a peak level of 141.70 ft (43.19 m). This was 3 ft (90 cm) above the previous record in March 1910 (138.4 ft).

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Mackaytown had an estimated maximum discharge of 33,200 cusecs (940 cumecs).

Affected LifelineThe Mackaytown suspension bridge was severely damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Mangaiti
Map Location: -37.497171 175.682829
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Mangaiti reached a peak level of 120.4 ft (36.70 m).

FloodingFlooding at Mangatawhiri
Map Location: -37.218243 175.119949
Comments:

Affected LifelineExtensive flooding in the Mangatawhiri Valley blocked all traffic between Paeroa and Auckland. The Mangatawhiri Valley was still impassable on the 3rd.

Affected LifelineIt was reported that the Mangatawhiri bridge had collapsed.

FloodingFlooding at Mokau
Map Location: -38.698095 174.617661
Comments:

CommentThe Mohakatino and Mokau Rivers were running bank high.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ngaruawahia
Map Location: -37.668325 175.128
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Raglan County Council gauge recorded 4.31 in (10.9 cm) of rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Damage CostThe damage to the road between Ngaruawahia and Glen Massey was estrimated at £1000 ($101,000 2008 dollars).

Physical CharacteristicThe Raglan County Council gauge registered a rise of 3 ft (90 cm) in the Waipa River.

FloodingFlooding at Ngutunui Stream
Map Location: -38.059838 175.063078
Comments:

Affected LifelineA large body of water came down the Ngutunui Stream and carried away a large bridge and damaged 4 km of road.

FloodingFlooding at Ohinemuri River
Map Location: -37.407707 175.819011
Comments:

CommentThere was a flood of exceptional dimensions in the Ohinemuri River.

ImpactThe Ohinemuri River overflowed the left stopbank within a mile of the Criterion bridge at Paeroa. The river broke its banks close to Barrett's farm on Waihi Road and covered a large area. It also broke away on the Te Aroha side of the main road.

Affected LifelineThe Ohinemuri River covered both the main highway and the Old Te Aroha Road.

FloodingFlooding at Paeroa
Map Location: -37.373937 175.671378
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy flooding around Paeroa.

Physical CharacteristicSome Paeroa farms were under water to depths of 3-4 m.

Peak River LevelThe Ohinemuri River at Criterion Bridge reached a peak level of 122.8 ft (37.43 m).

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Criterion Bridge had an estimated peak discharge of 24,000 cusecs (680 cumecs).

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Ngahina Bridge reached a peak level of 110.0 ft (33.53 m).

Stock DamageDairy cattle and sheep were lost.

DamageRelatively little damage was done in Paeroa, although it was the centre of the badly-affected areas.

Affected LifelineTraffic from Paeroa to Hamilton and Auckland was dislocated by the floods.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageSeveral shop verandah blinds in Belmont Road and Normanby Road were shredded by the gale. Some windows were also blown in.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pirongia Mountain
Map Location: -37.991292 175.089509
Comments:

CommentTorrential rain fell on Mount Pirongia.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere were flash floods in the streams and gullies running down the sides of the mountain.

LandslideLandslide at Puhoi
Comments:

CasualtiesA man was killed at Puhoi, 16 miles (26 km) north of Thames, when a hut was carried into a flooded stream by a slip.

FloodingFlooding at Pokeno
Map Location: -37.245504 175.0131
Comments:

Affected LifelineIt was reported that a bridge near Pokeno had collapsed.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pukeroro
Map Location: -37.881857 175.418294
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPukeroro recorded 3.26 in (8.3 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Putaruru
Map Location: -38.054083 175.784529
Comments:

DamageHigh winds brought trees down.

Crop DamageOrchards were wrecked.

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by falling trees.

FloodingFlooding at Tararu
Map Location: -37.111701 175.512923
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe northern abutment of the Tararu bridge was washed out, but repaired.

FloodingFlooding at Taupo
Map Location: -38.69531 176.070758
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Waikato River at the Taupo outfall peaked at 6,560 cusecs (186 cumecs).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Aroha
Map Location: -37.536498 175.715457
Comments:

CommentTe Aroha felt the full force of the gale.

Property DamageRoofs were lifted by the wind.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were impassable and traffic was held up by flooding and debris. The road from Morrinsville was covered in branches.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe township was surrounded by deep floods. The Waihou River flooded miles of low-lying land.

Affected LifelineAt least one bridge was washed away - the Waiorongomai bridge.

Physical CharacteristicThe Waihou River rose 11 ft (3.4 m) in three hours.

ImpactFlood waters entered the Northern Store.

ImpactMilking had to be done by hand.

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Te Aroha reached a peak level of 128.97 ft (39.31 m).

Stock DamageHundreds of cattle and sheep were seen floating down the flood waters.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Te Awamutu
Map Location: -38.009384 175.334988
Comments:

Affected LifelineIn the Te Awamutu area a landslide blocked the Waipa River, then water built up the dam, and washed away three bridges when the dam broke.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Kauwhata
Map Location: -37.399424 175.142967
Comments:

Crop DamageMany orchards in the Te Kauwhata district were devastated by the gale. Many trees were completely levelled and others were stripped of their fruit. Between 400 and 600 cases of fruit were lost.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Thames
Map Location: -37.140988 175.533107
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThames recorded 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

CommentThere was an exceptionally heavy deluge in the hills. The rain quickly ceased at daylight, with only occasional light showers till evening.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactKaraka Stream overflowed at about 2am on the 2nd, and swept through the Thames township. The stream brought down tons of silt and sand as well as many large boulders, trees, stumps and branches.

ImpactShops and many houses were flooded.

Property DamageThe business portion between Mary and Albert Streets suffered the most damage. Shops, offices and the Hauraki Clothing Factory were inundated with water and flood deposits. Pollen Street was covered with several inches of silt, which caused considerable damage to stock in shops. Hotel cellars were filled with water or sand and one was badly damaged with silt.

Peak Water LevelBuildings in Grahamstown were flooded with water up to 3 ft (90 cm) in extreme cases.

Stock DamageDairy cattle and sheep were lost.

Physical CharacteristicPark Hotel, Queens Hotel and the Borough Council had over 3 ft (90 cm) of water covering the floors.

Damage CostThe cost of clearing up the damage was estimated at over £2000 ($202,100 2008 dollars).

CommentResidents were warned of the rise of water by the sounding of the fire siren.

ImpactSouth of Thames, paddocks were inundated with storm water.

CommentLogs and debris were scattered thickly in the vicinity of all the creeks and the Kauaeranga River.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Thames water supply was damaged by a slip on the water race, causing the supply to be cut for several days. Several chains of the water race supplying the town from the Kauaeranga River were washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

InjuriesA woman was injured as a skylight was blown in, rendering her unconcious.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentHigh seas were running on the coast all day, backed up by a high north-westerly wind.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Waihi
Map Location: -37.39414 175.820732
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWaihi recorded 9 in (22.9 cm) of rain in 10 1/2 hours.

Physical CharacteristicWaihi recorded 2 in (5.1 cm) of rain in 1 hour.

LandslideLandslide at Waiomu
Map Location: -37.026591 175.509342
Comments:

CasualtiesA middle-aged man was killed when his hut was carried away in a slip.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe northern end of the bridge over the creek at Waiomu was washed out, dislocating all traffic.

FloodingFlooding at Wharepoa
Map Location: -37.268304 175.621145
Comments:

DamageNo serious damage was reported at Wharepoa.

Bay of Plenty

FloodingFlooding at Bay of Plenty
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe water rose 3 ft (90 cm) over the Boulder and Beacon bridges.

Affected LifelineOn the Tauranga-Te Puke highway, the Atuaroa River overflowed and flooded the road.

FloodingFlooding at Ngongotaha Stream
Map Location: -38.121174 176.146687
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNgongotaha Stream rose 15 ft (4.6 m).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Rotorua
Map Location: -38.140434 176.262282
Comments:

CommentThe storm at Rotorua was the severest ever experienced in the memory of old residents.

DamageSevere havoc was done in various parts of the district.

Property DamageThe original Maori Church at Ohinemutu was demolished and water swirled through a house near Ohinemutu Village.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRotorua received over 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentMost streams flowing into the Lake broke their banks.

ImpactPrivate property was inundated.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were power cuts caused by falling trees.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Tauranga
Map Location: -37.679532 176.173022
Comments:

CommentA strong south-east gale was experienced at Tauranga.

DamageSeveral trees were blown down around the borough.

Property DamageGardens were ruined.

Crop DamageOrchards were mutilated.

Affected LifelinePower Board services were affected in many areas as a result of tree branches. The telegraph service was cut off between Tauranga and outside places.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by slips and fallen trees and scoured by flood waters.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentThe gale was accompanied by heavy driving rain from the east.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentRivers were swollen.

Affected LifelineDamage was done to metalling and pumicing surfaces of roads.

Affected LifelineA small bridge on the Soldiers Settlement Road was washed away.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

DamageFew launches dragged their moorings, one launch was blown ashore and a yacht was blown onto the breakwater. One launch sank by the railway bridge and another was blown under the bridge and smashed to pieces on the rocks.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Te Kaha
Map Location: -37.740812 177.681126
Comments:

CommentThere was a large storm surge at Te Kaha with extreme high tides.

DamageEight fishing boats were swept away.

Property DamageA house was washed into the sea.

Affected LifelineThe road was washed away in places.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Ngae
Comments:

Property DamageA milking shed at Te Ngae was unroofed.

FloodingFlooding at Waiari
Map Location: -37.829122 176.316713
Comments:

Affected LifelineAt Waiari Valley, flood waters covered the road.

Hawke's Bay

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Hawke's Bay
Comments:

Damage CostThe damage to county roads in the province totalled £13,400 ($1,354,000 2008 dollars).

DamageThe widespread damage and devastation in such a short period of time had not been seen since five years previously.

Property DamageExtensive damage was done to farms by both silting and the wind.

Crop DamageThe damage caused to the fruit growing industry was the most serious effect of the flooding and gales. Extensive damage was done to orchards and serious damage was done to fruit and maize crops. Stone fruit trees suffered the most. Most of the season's crop was completely lost, a very large proportion of the fruit based trees being levelled to the ground. Orchardists faced heavy losses of up to 70% of crops. Orchardists had probably a 50% total loss, affecting the export to the extent of 80%. Affected areas included Pakowhai, Greenmeadows and Havelock North. Orchard and shelter belt trees were blown over in all directions, which exposed fruit trees to the full force of the gale.

Damage CostThe damage to the fruit growing industry was expected to amount to £100,000-£150,000 ($10,103,000-$15,155,000 2008 dollars).

Crop DamageAt a 10-acre orchard of 6-year-old trees, at least two-thirds were blown to the ground.

Affected LifelineHigh winds caused serious dislocation of telegraph and telephone services and lesser interruption to the power supply. Hastings, Napier and Waipukurau were cut off from telephone and telegraphic communication. The rural telephone service was out, leaving many settlers isolated.

Affected LifelineAir services were down.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere was extensive flooding throughout Hawke's Bay and severe flooding in southern Hawke's Bay. Extensive areas of land were flooded in the Clive, Fernhill, Haumoana and Te Awanga areas.

Affected LifelineRoads throughout the district were blocked by flood waters. Streams scoured roads and approaches to bridges, bridges were destroyed and washouts occurred.

Affected LifelineRailway lines were indunated by flood waters.

Stock DamageThere were serious stock losses.

CommentThe three main rivers rose rapidly.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

InjuriesTwo train carriages and the guard vans were blown over by the force of the wind and fell several feet down a bank. A baby was left unconscious and five other passengers required medical attention for injuries.

Physical CharacteristicThe carriage was struck by a 70-mph (113-km/hr) gale, and toppled off the line.

Affected LifelineTrees lay across the roads in many country districts.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineNumerous slips occurred on roads.

FloodingFlooding at Chesterhope homestead
Map Location: -39.58081 176.85412
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses in Chesterhope. On one farm 1500 sheep were lost and Mr Master lost three draught horses worht £200 ($20,200 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Clifton
Map Location: -39.640227 177.002035
Comments:

DamageIn the Clifton area, flooding ruined grass crops, damaged fences and caused general dislocations of farm work.

FloodingFlooding at Clive
Map Location: -39.586947 176.912721
Comments:

Affected LifelineClive was flooded by the Tukituki River, cutting the road and rail link between Napier and Hastings. Flood waters covered portions of the railway lines on the Clive side of Waitangi Dip.

Stock Damage1500 sheep were drowned in stock-yards.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eskdale
Map Location: -39.394568 176.82922
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEskdale recorded 5.75 in (7.0 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Fernhill
Map Location: -39.590617 176.762035
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Ngaruroru River rose 13 ft (4.0 m) above normal at Fernhill.

FloodingFlooding at Hakowhai
Map Location: -39.493547 176.725328
Comments:

Stock DamageStock losses were heavy at Hakowhai. The A and P Society lost 500 sheep and Fernie Bros lost 1000 sheep.

DamageRuinous damage was done in the area.

Damage CostA moderate estimate of damage in the area was £60,000 ($6,062,000 2008 dollars).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Hastings
Map Location: -39.635771 176.828045
Comments:

CommentWinds reached almost hurricane force at Hastings.

Property DamageWidespread damage was done to business premises. The Hastings Women's Community Club had an estimated £200 ($20,200 2008 dollars) of damage caused when the roof was carried across the road onto power lines and surrounding premises. In various places windows were blown in or damaged, signs were torn away and wireless masts and aerials were toppled.

DamageMany trees were uprooted around town. Trees were felled in Cornwell Park.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain fell at Hastings.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentSerious flooding occurred.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Haumoana
Map Location: -39.602913 176.946842
Comments:

Affected LifelineFallen trees blocked Haumoana Road at the side of Black Bridge, stranding people.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were small stock losses in Haumoana.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Maraekakaho
Map Location: -39.64746 176.619961
Comments:

Affected LifelineValley Road, Maraekakaho, was impassable to traffic due to fallen trees.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineAorangi and Mangatahi Roads were impassable due bridge appraches being washed away.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Maraetotara Reserve
Map Location: -39.868507 176.890754
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicMaraetotora recorded 10 in mm (25.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period 125 years).

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineMaraetotara Road was blocked by several slips.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Napier
Map Location: -39.502426 176.892804
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNapier recorded 101 mm (10.1 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNapier recorded 3.69 in (9.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

Affected LifelineNapier was entirely isolated, with all communications cut. There was no access by road between Napier and Hastings.

Peak River LevelThe Tutaekuri River rose 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) above normal at Redcliff.

Affected LifelineTwo small bridges between Greenmeadows and Lower Torren were washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageThe Taradale Grandstand was unroofed and the walls collapsed with the force of the winds.

FloodingFlooding at Ngaruroro River
Map Location: -39.589606 176.552838
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Ngaruroru River had an estimated peak discharge of 60,000 cusecs (1699 cumecs).

FloodingFlooding at Ongaonga
Map Location: -39.915653 176.427543
Comments:

Affected LifelineDamage was done to roads, especially in Ongaonga, and some were impassable.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Pakowhai
Map Location: -39.584175 176.861298
Comments:

Crop DamagePakowhai suffered great and widespread damage to crops.

FloodingFlooding at Puketapu
Map Location: -39.508443 176.793634
Comments:

ImpactA large area of the Puketapu Valley was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Tutaekuri River
Map Location: -39.450942 176.634072
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Tutaekuri River had an estimated peak discharge of 80,000 cusecs (2265 cumecs).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Waipukurau
Map Location: -39.999445 176.562423
Comments:

CommentThe Waipukurau area experienced 24 hours of heavy rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Tukituki River burst its banks at Waipukurau.

Stock DamageStock losses in the Waipukurau area were heavy. Thousands of cattle and sheep were drowned.

ImpactThe whole resisdential area of town was inundated.

Physical CharacteristicIn Central Hawkes Bay, the floors of shops were flooded with several inches of water.

Property DamageExtensive damage was done to stock and furniture, especially on Mount Herbet Road.

Evacuees70 families were driven from their homes.

Peak Water LevelThe water was up to 3 ft (90 cm) deep inside houses.

Physical CharacteristicThe Esk River flooded to over 1 km wide.

CommentThis was the most disastrous flood in the history of Waipukurau.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageThe winds uprooted hundreds of trees.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked and power and telephone lines were down.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Wairoa
Map Location: -39.041861 177.423248
Comments:

Property DamageAt Wairoa, walls completely collapsed and a whole building was felled. Roofs were lost and numerous portions of other buildings were blown down.

Affected LifelineThe power was out in Wairoa. Power dislocation was mainly caused by felled trees.

Taranaki

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Taranaki
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by both slips and flood waters.

Damage CostDamage to county roads totalled £19,157 ($1,935,500 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineRailway lines were blocked by slips and other debris. The main north trunk line from New Plymouth was blocked by slips and flood waters.

DamageOpunake and Egmont County suffered the most severely, with extensive wind damage throughout the countryside and severe damage to back country roads and bridges.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamagePigs were drowned in South Taranaki.

Affected LifelineDamage was done to the main north road bridge. Bridges in Waimate West County were destroyed by flooding.

CommentA considerable amount of water was running in all North Taranaki rivers.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThe wind blew with hurricane force in Taranaki.

Property DamageBuildings were destroyed.

Affected LifelineTelegraph and telephone poles were down in thousands.

FloodingFlooding at Auroa
Map Location: -39.484778 174.044739
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

FloodingFlooding at Awatuna
Map Location: -39.435727 174.039904
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Bell Block
Map Location: -39.030626 174.145623
Comments:

CommentA terrific wind blew at Bell Block.

DamageHuge pine trees were down and trunks were snapped clean off or torn out of the ground.

Affected LifelineTelephone and power poles were broken.

Crop DamageHaystacks were demolished.

Property DamageWorkmen's huts were blown down and roofing iron was scattered over a wide area.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road slipped away in several places.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dawson Falls
Map Location: -39.321582 174.105391
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDawson Falls recorded 406 mm (40.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Eltham
Map Location: -39.426207 174.302281
Comments:

Affected LifelineThree bridges on Eltham Road were damaged.

ImpactLow-lying areas of Eltham were inundated.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hawera
Map Location: -39.586876 174.27571
Comments:

CommentThe rain at Hawera commenced at 2pm on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicHawera recorded 2.75 in (7.0 cm) of rain in the 19 hours from 2pm on the 1st to 9am on the 2nd.

Physical CharacteristicHawera recorded 138 mm (13.8 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA south-easterly wind was blowing.

DamageWind damage was done in Hawera. Back gardens and yards were littered with debris.

Property DamageBoundary fences were blown down, sheet iron was lifted from house roofs and many chimney pots were blown down.

Crop DamageTomato crops were ruined.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Property DamageWindows were blown in, and water flooded interiors.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentTerrific seas pounded the beach along the coast.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe temporary bridge over the Tangahoe River was damaged. Tremendous logs were swept against the bridge.

Physical CharacteristicThe Tangaohoe River rose 27 ft (8.2 m) above normal.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Inglewood
Map Location: -39.163073 174.187246
Comments:

CommentA heavy gale was experienced at Inglewood.

CommentResidents stated that there had never been such a disastrous storm.

DamageThere was severe wind damage in Inglewood. Enormous trees were uprooted.

Property DamageEasily 50% of house windows were smashed. A large number of verandahs, chimneys, windows, trees, power poles and sheds were wrecked.

Property DamageBadminton Hall was completely razed to the ground and the Anglican Church lost its roof. At Nodders Hotel, the verandah was torn off and all the windows on one side were smashed. At Private Hotel, the verandah was torn off and windows were smashed, leaving rooms drenched. At Winfields Buildings, windows were smashed and the verandah at an adjacent shop was torn off. A two-storey iron building was wrecked and the Croquet Pavilion was blown over.

Affected LifelineThe electricity supply was disorganised.

Affected LifelineTelephone communication was disorganised.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Kaimiro
Map Location: -39.19459 174.146125
Comments:

CommentSevere south-east winds swept the countryside at Kaimiro, rising to hurricane force.

DamageHuge trees fell like ninepins.

Property DamageThe amount of damage done to buildings was horrifying. Roofs were ripped off sheds and at least three cowsheds were demolished. Three huge trees fell right across one house, wrecking some of the bedrooms. Another house was severely damaged, a new house was unroofed and the roof was ripped off Kaimiro Hall.

FloodingFlooding at Mimi River
Map Location: -38.961156 174.492945
Comments:

CommentThe Mimi River was running bank high.

ImpactIn the Mimi Valley paddocks were feet deep in water.

Affected LifelineWater flowed over the road in four places.

CommentThe flood was described by settlers as the worst they had ever seen.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Property DamageDamage to bush and farm buildings was severe.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at New Plymouth
Map Location: -39.051214 174.06972
Comments:

CommentA very severe south-east gale blew at New Plymouth.

Property DamageFrankleigh Park Hall was destroyed and many housess had windows blown in. Chimneys, sheds and fences were demolished in all directions.

DamageIn the suburbs large pine trees were smashed off at ground level.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThe sea very very rough.

CasualtiesThe fishing launch 'Mokau' was lost off the coast 9 miles (14 km) south of New Plymouth and the father and son crew were presumed drowned.

DamageDamage was done at the port.

FloodingFlooding at Oaonui
Map Location: -39.386783 173.807544
Comments:

CommentOaonui Stream overflowed.

Affected LifelineOaoiti Stream at the Oaonui factory was flowing across the road on top of the bridge.

FloodingFlooding at Opunake
Map Location: -39.456198 173.859526
Comments:

ImpactOpunake was flooded by Hihiwera Stream.

Affected LifelineOpunake was comepletely isolated, with both road and rail approaches washed out.

Affected LifelineThe Waiaua River at Opunake swept away 30-40 ft (9.1-12.2 m) of the approach on the town side, leaving the road impassable.

Affected LifelineThe Waiaua River wrecked the rail bridge.

ImpactTe Namu Stream at the Opunake factory rushed across the flat and through a house.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe telephone service was down.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Patea
Map Location: -39.759215 174.475094
Comments:

DamageWind damage was done in Patea.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelinePatea was unable to commincate with towns north of Stratford and south of Waverley.

FloodingFlooding at Rahotu
Map Location: -39.325994 173.805636
Comments:

ImpactA small creek near the Methodist church overflowed and flooded the township. One or two houses were wntered by flood waters.

DamagePungaereere Stream changed its course and eroded its banks.

Affected LifelineThe Main South Road was impassable due to damage to the Okahu bridge. A pier on the Oaonui side of the Okahu bridge was washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageA verandah was blown off a Rahotu billiard room and a roof was blown off a new house on Oporapa Road.

FloodingFlooding at Riverlea
Map Location: -39.435805 174.078823
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Stratford
Map Location: -39.343721 174.267614
Comments:

CommentA gale accompained by torrential rain was experienced at Stratford.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Stratford Main Trunk railway was blocked by a series of more than 12 slips, one over 500 m long.

FloodingFlooding at Tangahoe River
Map Location: -39.5212 174.418125
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Tangahoe River was 8.2 m above normal.

LandslideLandslide at Tangarakau
Map Location: -39.019136 174.862123
Comments:

Affected LifelineTwo slips occurred at the Tangarakau side of the No.8 tunnel.

FloodingFlooding at Te Kiri
Map Location: -39.435378 173.979489
Comments:

Affected LifelineTe Kiri bridge over Punehu Stream was severely damaged.

Damage CostA new bridge would cost £10,000 ($1,010,000 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Te Wera
Map Location: -39.239324 174.57673
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a small washout on the road at Te Wera.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Urenui
Map Location: -38.997709 174.384059
Comments:

CommentUrenui caught the full force of the gale.

Property DamageA good deal of damage was done to buildings. A church had portions of roofing iron torn off and scores of houses in the area were damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Uruti
Map Location: -38.94362 174.530172
Comments:

CommentExtensive flooding occurred in the Uruti Valley.

Affected LifelineThe main road was submerged by water to a depth of 1 ft-18 in (30-45 cm).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were electricity and telecommunication outages in the Uruti Valley when telephone, telegraph and power lines were brought down.

DamageThere was widespread evidence of a gale.

FloodingFlooding at Waiaua River
Map Location: -39.357624 173.960355
Comments:

ImpactThe Waiaua Valley was flooded.

Affected LifelineA washout on the Waiaua River bridge cut off the approach.

FloodingFlooding at Waingongoro River
Map Location: -39.350698 174.207406
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waingongoro River flooded 1.8 m over the top of the dam.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Waitara
Map Location: -38.99656 174.213734
Comments:

Property DamageAt Waitara, a number of large buildings disintegrated and the harbour beacon tower was blown over. A 25 m steel and brick chimney was blown over.

Crop DamageCrops were destroyed.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe bridge at Waitara River was unsafe.

FloodingFlooding at Waitotara Valley
Map Location: -39.706664 174.834381
Comments:

CommentThe flood in the Waitotara Valley was a 50 year flood.

EvacueesSeveral houses were evacuated in the Waitotara Valley.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineWaitotara Valley roads were impassable due to flooding and slips.

FloodingFlooding at Waiwhakaiho River
Map Location: -39.202437 174.127733
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waiwakaiho River rose 4.3 m.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Waverley
Map Location: -39.760037 174.612857
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main road south was blocked at Waverley.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineTelegraph, telephone and power lines were brought down in all directions.

Manawatu-Wanganui

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Manawatu-Wanganui
Comments:

DamageExtensive damage was done throughout the Manawatu district, mainly by the gales.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Manawatu district totalled £4,457 ($450,300 2008 dollars).

DamageWidespread and serious damage occurred in the Wanganui District.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the area totalled £21,900 ($2,213,000 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communications were interrrupted.

Affected LifelineRoads and railways were blocked over wide areas. Traffic was stopped on practically all roads in the Wanganui district due to slips and washouts. The Taihape-Ohakune road was closed. The road between Levin and Palmerston North via Shannon was badly damaged.

CommentThis was the worst cyclone in recorded history up to that time.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were serious stock losses in the flooded areas, with thousands of sheep drowned.

ImpactAll rivers east of the gorge overflowed and large areas of land were inundated.

Physical CharacteristicThe total runoff in the Manawatu was estimated at 222,000 acre-feet.

Property DamageLow-lying areas in the Wanganui district were flooded, causing considerable damage to property. Thousands of acres of farmland was flooded.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineFrom Heao Station towards Ohura, slips occurred every few miles on the railway line as far as Mangapara.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThe gale was of enormous magnitude.

DamageExtensive areas of forest were razed to the ground on the western slopes of the Tararua Ranges.

Property DamageIn the Manawatu, barns, woolsheds, and cowsheds were destroyed.

InjuriesA farmer had his leg broken when the shed he was inside collapsed.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dannevirke
Map Location: -40.212104 176.095139
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 4 in (10.2 cm) of rain in 48 hours.

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 2.30 in (5.8 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 2.45 in (6.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentRivers and streams broke their banks.

Affected LifelineBridges in the country were carried away.

Damage CostThe approximate damage for the Dannevirke country areas was £3000 ($303,100 2008 dollars). The Te Rehunga district fared the worst.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageSouth-easterly gales caused some damage.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentThis was the worst storm for many years.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eketahuna
Map Location: -40.643504 175.709279
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 2.49 in (6.3 cm) of rain on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 2.94 in (7.5 cm) of rain on the 2nd.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA gale of cyclonic force swept through Eketahuna.

DamageSevere wind damage was done at Eketahuna.

Property DamageThere was widespread property damage. Trees and fences were blown away and windows were smashed. A large concrete motor garage was practically demolished.

Affected LifelinePower and telephone services were interupted.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactWide areas were under water.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Feilding
Map Location: -40.218333 175.546479
Comments:

Property DamageThe Feilding Aero Club hanger was blown away and two planes inside were destroyed.

LandslideLandslide at Heao Station
Map Location: -38.970856 174.971628
Comments:

Affected LifelineA huge slip occurred at the Heao end of the No.9 tunnel on the main north railway line.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Karere
Map Location: -40.392402 175.518295
Comments:

Property DamageThe railway station at Karere disappeared.

FloodingFlooding at Levin
Map Location: -40.610591 175.272321
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Foxton to Levin highway was impassable.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageWindows were broken and a shop verandah was carried away. Several houses had their roofs torn off.

DamageTrees were flattened.

Affected LifelinePower lines were felled. Considerable damage was done to power lines between Levin and Shannon.

Affected LifelineFallen trees blocked the line between Levin and Otaki.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Longburn
Map Location: -40.381237 175.534372
Comments:

Property DamageLongburn anglican church was demolished by the wind and the hall lost its roof.

Stock DamageA horse was cut in half by flying corrugated iron.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Makerua
Map Location: -40.515613 175.444998
Comments:

InjuriesSeveral people were injured when the last two passenger coaches and the guard's van of an excursion train were blown off the line and thrown down a bank near Makerua. Five people were badly injured.

FloodingFlooding at Moutoa
Map Location: -40.507761 175.389825
Comments:

AreaAt Moutoa, 14,500 acres (58.68 km^2) were flooded.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Damage CostDamage to Motua district roads totalled £22,000 ($2,223,000 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Oroua River
Map Location: -40.316054 175.486605
Comments:

AreaIn the Oroua district 18,000 acres (72.84 km^2) were flooded.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Palmerston North
Map Location: -40.355525 175.616438
Comments:

CommentThe gale struck Palmerston North before midnight on the 1st.

Property DamageMany houses were wholly or partially unroofed. Enormous damage was done to trees and gardens. Windows were smashed and chimneys lost. A block chimney collapsed into a house and a farm building was unroofed. Hoardings, fences, and brick walls were all blown over.

Property DamageIn Terrace End, a small railway station was blown across the road. Railway huts were turned completely over. A big grandstand at the A and P Association showgrounds was blown over and wrecked. Grandstands at Awapuni racecourse and the sports ground were also demolished.

CasualtiesAn elderly man was killed when he was blown off his roof while trying to repair it.

InjuriesOne man was serioulsy injured.

Crop DamageEnormous damage was done to orchards.

Affected LifelineTelegraph and electric lines were wrecked. Most parts of the city were without power on the night of the 2nd.

Affected LifelineMany roads were completely blocked. Iron, broken wires, poles, trees, timber and fencing all lay in a mass on the highway.

Physical CharacteristicWinds of 60 mph (96 km/hr) were experienced.

Physical CharacteristicAt Palmerston North, the winds measured 10 on the Beaufort Scale, averaging 48-55 knots (89-102 km/hr) at 9am on the 2nd.

Affected Lifeline70 trees fell across the Napier telegraph line between Palmerston North and Ashhurst. 28 trees came down over the main power lines in a 120 m stretch of road.

Affected LifelineThe suspension bridge on the road connecting the Palmerston-Shannon and Palmerston-Foxton highways was severely buffeted by the gale.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Manawatu River rose 17 ft 3 in (5.26 m) at the Fitzherbert Bridge gauge.

Peak River FlowThe Manawatu River at the Fitzherbert Bridge gauge had a peak discharge of 93,000 cusecs (2633 cumecs).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

DamageMany thousands of pounds would not cover the total damage.

FloodingFlooding at Pipiriki
Map Location: -39.480016 175.04686
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Wanganui River at Pipiriki rose 50 ft (15.2 m) above the wharf.

FloodingFlooding at Rangiotu
Map Location: -40.421134 175.439206
Comments:

ImpactAreas around Rangiotu were inundated.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Shannon
Map Location: -40.551271 175.420312
Comments:

CommentA heavy easterly gale blew at Shannon.

DamageConsiderable damage was done.

Affected LifelineCommunication north and south was interrupted.

Affected LifelineTrees across lines in many places broke communications.

FloodingFlooding at Taonui
Map Location: -40.256048 175.592591
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Manawatu River rose 5 m and flooded the Taonui basin.

FloodingFlooding at Waitotara
Map Location: -39.80567 174.72609
Comments:

DamageThe Waitotara county suffered severely.

ImpactThe Waitotara River overflowed and water invaded houses in the township.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineMany slips came down on the surrounding roads.

FloodingFlooding at Wanganui
Map Location: -39.932232 175.028352
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Whanganui River was in high flood, reaching a peak level of 4 ft (1.2 m) below the top of the town wharf.

ImpactThe Whanganui River flooded thousands of acres of farmland and entered a number of houses.

DamageTwo spans of the Shell Oil Company Wharf were carried away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineWanganui was isolated by road. Extensive slips occurred.

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communications were disrupted.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu
Map Location: -40.009345 175.171274
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe railway line at Wangaehu was under water.

Affected LifelineThe road bridge at Wangaehu was blocked.

ImpactFlood waters from the Whangaehu River flowed through the Whangaehu Hotel, leaving it isolated.

Physical CharacteristicThe Whangaehu River rose almost 2 m in half an hour.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu River
Map Location: -39.845139 175.319738
Comments:

ImpactThe Whangaehu River overflowed its banks, and most of the land in the valley was submerged.

Stock DamageThere were severe stock losses. Hundreds of sheep and cattle were drowned.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Woodville
Map Location: -40.342202 175.873222
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWoodville recorded 2.50 in (6.4 cm) of rain on the 1st.

Wellington

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Wellington
Comments:

Property DamageConsiderable damage was done to property in Wellington and the suburbs.

Damage CostDamage to county roads totalled £11,780 ($1,190,200 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineConsiderable damage was done at the Kaiwarra railway line.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentSevere southerly gales were experienced in Wellington on the 2nd.

Property DamageThe winds damaged gardens, fences, wireless poles and houses.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentThe gales were accompained by heavy rain. The Wairarapa district was deluged with rain.

ImpactRain invaded some Wellington homes.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Hutt River rose rapidly.

ImpactAll Wairarapa rivers overflowed, and large areas of low-lying land were inundated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

CommentNumerous slips occurred.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Akatarawa Saddle
Map Location: -40.949261 175.108639
Comments:

Affected LifelineAkatarawa Road was blocked to traffic.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Castlepoint
Map Location: -40.89976 176.221927
Comments:

Property DamageAt Castlepoint, the sea washed away sand hills and invaded houses 100 m inland.

LandslideLandslide at Happy Valley
Map Location: -41.331164 174.758199
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Brooklyn and Happy Valley and the road between Happy Valley and Island Bay were blocked by slips.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Island Bay
Map Location: -41.339121 174.767971
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Ohiro Bay and Island Bay was blocked.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Mangaroa
Map Location: -41.116792 175.109206
Comments:

Stock DamageAt Mangaroa, a horse was electrocuted by fallen lines.

FloodingFlooding at Martinborough
Map Location: -41.2171 175.436864
Comments:

Affected LifelineMartinborough was cut off by the Ruamahanga River.

CommentThe Ruamahanga and Huangaroa Riveres were in high flood.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Masterton
Map Location: -40.964296 175.667649
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicMasterton recorded over 4 in (10.2 cm) of rain in the 22 hours from 8pm on the 1st to 6pm on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentAll rivers were overflowing around Masterton.

ImpactThe Waipoua River broke its banks at Masterton, and flooded two or three shops. Water flowed through Masterton Park.

Affected LifelineA few streets were flooded and water flowed over the main highway for a time.

ImpactLarge areas of low-lying land were submerged.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CasualtiesA 16-year-old boy died when cutting down a storm-damaged tree, which struck him on the head.

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communication north of Masterton was lost.

FloodingFlooding at Matarawa
Map Location: -41.049961 175.439053
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a washout at Matarawa.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Ngauranga
Map Location: -41.242025 174.814889
Comments:

DamageThe coastal steamer John, anchored in stream, dragged her moorings and ran aground at Ngauranga.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Porirua
Map Location: -41.141089 174.818671
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Porirua and Paremata was blocked.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Rimutaka Hill
Map Location: -41.119029 175.230172
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Rimutaka Hill road was blocked to traffic by a slip.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Rongotai
Map Location: -41.323854 174.794442
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRongotai Aerodrome recorded gusts of 68 knots (126 km/hr).

FloodingFlooding at Silverstream
Map Location: -41.152687 175.015613
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Main road near Silverstream was under water and impassable.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Tararua Range
Map Location: -40.903116 175.33038
Comments:

CasualtiesTwo people, a 15-year old hunter and a tramper, died of exposure in the Tararua Ranges.

FloodingFlooding at Tinui
Map Location: -40.877878 176.065376
Comments:

ImpactAt Tinui, water from the Whareama River flooded buildings. All houses on the flat were invaded by water, as well as the police station and residence.

Peak Water LevelThe water reached a depth of 50 cm in the hotel, and 1 m deep in some houses.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CasualtiesA youth was killed at Tinui when a branch blew off a large tree.

FloodingFlooding at Waiohine River
Map Location: -41.059875 175.438823
Comments:

ImpactThe Waiohine River overflowed, flooding a large area between Carterton and Greytown.

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by the flood waters.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wellington City
Map Location: -41.28855 174.776764
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWellington recorded 4.42 in (11.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageThe winds tore down 75 ft (23 m) of the bathing sheds at Te Aro baths.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Wellington Harbour
Map Location: -41.267785 174.837681
Comments:

Affected LifelineWellington's shipping was mainly affected by the storm.

DamageNumerous small boats were wrecked in Wellington Harbour. The Inter-Island express ferry Rangitira ran aground on Barrett Reef, off the Wellignton Heads, at 6.10am, but made it into port badly damaged.

DamageThe sea wall along Hutt Road was undermined in three or four places.

Marlborough

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentMarlborough was the only area of the South Island to suffer the effects of the cyclonic storm.

DamageHeavy rain and high winds caused minor damage.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineTelegraph lines suffered damage from the gale.

Crop DamageFields of barley and wheat were badly beaten down. Private and commercial orchards suffered some losses of fruit and damage to trees.

Property DamageOutbuildings on some farms were slightly damaged.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Main South Road was blocked for several hours north of Kaikoura by slips.

FloodingFlooding at Koromiko
Map Location: -41.341482 173.953657
Comments:

Affected LifelineKoromiko Stream overflowed and blocked the road.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Picton
Map Location: -41.295063 174.011495
Comments:

DamageA number of trees were blown down hillsides at Picton.

Crop DamagePractically all the fruit trees with heavy crops had branches snapped off.

Property DamageWoolsheds, fowlhouses and garages were blown over.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Riverlands
Map Location: -41.526295 173.983305
Comments:

Property DamageA cow shed at Riverlands was partly demolished.

References

Barnett, M.A.F. (1938). The Cyclonic Storms In Northern New Zealand On The 2nd February And The 26th March, 1936. Meteorological Office Note No.22.
Brenstrum, E. (1997). www.hbrc.govt.nz. Hawkes Bay Regional Council.
Brenstrum, E. (2000). The cyclone of 1936: the most destructive storm of the twentieth century? Weather and Climate 20, 23-28 p.
Cowie, C.A.; Attwood, A.K. (1957). Floods in New Zealand 1920-1953. The Soil Conservation Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand.
Grayland, E.C. (1978). More New Zealand Disasters.
Headline: At Karangahake.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Cyclonic storm sweeps district.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Roads blocked.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Sheep drowned.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Thames flooded. (Bottom half of articles missing)
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Johnston, D.D.; Pearse, L.J. (2007). Hazards in Hawke's Bay. Hawke's Bay Regional Council, Napier, New Zealand.
Ministy of Civil Defence. Storms, Tephra June 1997, Volume 16.
New Zealand Meteorological Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
New Zealand's Nature Heritage. Volume 6, Great Storms. Hamlyn House, Auckland.
Saunders, W. (2000). Planning and Resources, Hazard and Emergency Management Section, Wairarapa Division, Wairarapa Storm Events 1880 - 1998. Technical Report No. 00/17.
Shearer, A.R. (1969). Hydrology Annual, No.14, 1966. Published by the Ministry of Works, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand.
Headline: Bell Block damage.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Effects in New Plymouth.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Foundered at sea? Motor launch missing.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc at Kaimiro, Chaos in district.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Hawera damage
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Inglewood hit hard.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Opunake cut off.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Railway blocked, Slips on Ohura line.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Sea of water, Floods in Wairarapa
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: South Taranaki suffers, Tangahoe River rises rapidly.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Taranaki devastation, Damage to many buildings.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Widespread effect, Gale in other places.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Worst for years, Flooding on North Road.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Cyclonic storm causes widepsread damage.
The Bay of Plenty Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gigantic clash of two great storms.
The Evening Post, April 10 1968.
Headline: Flooded roads, Whangarei's experience.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: North Island whipped by southerly gales.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: Palmerston North hit, Building razed, roofs blown off.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: Carriages derailed.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Harvest of the wind.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Major disaster for fruitgrowers.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Storm causes widespread damage.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: North Island storm, Widespread destruction caused.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 4 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc at Rotorua, Old maori church destroyed.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 5 February 1936.
Headline: Barometers touch new low level.
The New Zealand Herald, 20 May (Thursday) 1954.
Headline: Mishap to ship.
The New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Severe cyclonic stom.
The New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc north and south.
The New Zealand Herald, 4 February 1936.
Headline: Storm victims.
The New Zealand Herald, 4 February 1936.
Headline: 20 boats smashed at Paihia.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Dairy company suffers
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Hurried evacuation from flooded homes.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Train services at a standstill.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Tremendous deluge causes unprecendented floods in north.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Young man drowned at Kaitaia when bach collapses.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Seafront wreckage, Damage to small craft.
The Waikato Times 3 February 1936.
Headline: A tangled mass.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Damage at Cambridge, Power lines suffer.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Damage in Manawatu.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Districts isolated, Telephone lines down.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Flooding at Thames.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gale at Te Aroha, Countryside flooded
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gale at Te Aroha, Six inches of rain.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Ngaruawahia damage.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Storm sweeps Waikato, Cyclone and torrential rain.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The storm, Three lives lost.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The storm, Three lives lost.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The worst disaster, Blow to fruit industry.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Trail of damage, Whangarei disaster.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Taranaki stricken, Widespread devastation.
Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Weather and Climate. (2000). 20: 23-28. The Cyclone of 1936: The most destructive storm of the twentieth century?

ExtremeFebruary 1936 North Island Ex-tropical Cyclone ( 1936-02-01 )

An ex-tropical cyclone brought high winds, heavy rain, flooding and rough seas to the whole North Island and Marlborough, which caused widespread damage. There were casualties at Kaitaia, near Thames, at New Plymouth, at Palmerston North, at Masterton, in the Tararua Range and at Tinui.

New Zealand

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at New Zealand
Duration:   2  days - From the 1st till the 2nd of February.
Comments:

CauseAn ex-tropical cyclone. The storm passed just to west of Cape Maria van Diemen at about midnight on the 1st/2nd. It was about 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Auckland at 9am, and passed in a south-easterly direction over Napier at about 3pm.

Total DamageThe total nationwide damage was roughly $800 million 2000 Dollars ($1,001,600,000 2008 dollars).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at North Island
Comments:

CommentOne of the worst storms of its time swept with cyclonic fury through the North Island on the night of the 1st and the early hours of the 2nd.

CommentHigh rainfall and at least surface flooding affected all of the North Island.

Affected LifelineFloods, slips and washouts caused interruptions on roads and railways. All communication north of Auckland was interrupted. The Napier-Taupo road was blocked. The Main North Road was blocked between Mimi (Taranaki) and Awakino (Waikato), with water over the road in dozens of places. There were also small slips and trees over the road in some places. The Wanganui-Raetihi road was closed.

Affected LifelineTelegraphic and telephone communications between Whangarei and south of Warkworth were cut off.

DamagePhenomenal rainfall and extreme winds caused widespread damage and destruction of property throughout the North Island.

Damage CostThe total damage to county roads in the North Island was £114,890 ($11,607,600 2008 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentA belt of intensely heavy rainfall passed over the country in advance of the centre of cyclone.

Physical CharacteristicAlmost every part of the North Island received at least 75 mm (7.5 cm) of rain. Over 30% of places exceeded 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain and more than 200 mm (20.0 cm) fell in many eastern localities from Whangarei to Manukau Heads.

CommentIt was a 100 year rainfall event at 2% of New Zealand rain gauge sites.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentMost major rivers were in flood.

Stock DamageDrowned sheep, cattle, pigs and chickens were seen floating down rivers all over the North Island.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineSlips blocked the railway line between Tauranga (Bay of Plenty) and Waihi (Waikato).

Affected LifelineA number of slips occurred on the Kaimai Road. There was a huge slip on the Wellington-Napier highway.

Northland

FloodingFlooding at Northland
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was widespread dislocation of communication services. Damage was done to roads and bridges in the Otamatea County. Two bridges shifted out of position and a culvert was carried away. The road between Dargaville and Mamarimu (Mamaranui?) was blocked.

Affected LifelineThere were numerous washouts on the railway line between Otiria and Whakapara. Railway bridge approaches and ballast were washed away.

Stock DamageStock losses were heavy in all districts.

Crop DamageThere were heavy losses of hay and ensilage.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were seven slips on the railway line between Maungatoroto and Mareretu. There were extensive slips on the railway between Tangowahine and Waiotira.

Affected LifelineIn two or three places between Kaiwaka and Maungatoroto, portions of the road had slipped away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads that were blocked inculded the Whangarei-Pipiwai road, the Whangarei-Whangarei Heads road, the Kiripaka-Ngunguru road and the Whangarei-Russell road.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageExtreme winds caused widespread damage.

FloodingFlooding at Hikurangi
Map Location: -35.597981 174.28778
Comments:

ImpactThe Hikurangi Coal Company's Royal Oak mine was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Hikurangi Swamp
Map Location: -35.56867 174.23537
Comments:

CommentThe flood in the Hikurangi Swamp was said to be the worst yet.

Area15,000 acres (60.70 km^2) of the Hikurangi swamp was submerged in flood waters.

FloodingFlooding at Hukerenui
Map Location: -35.51942 174.190367
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe bar at Hukerenui Hotel had 3 ft (90 cm) of water in it.

FloodingFlooding at Kaihu
Map Location: -35.770311 173.700017
Comments:

CommentA big flood developed in the Kaihu Valley.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kaikohe
Map Location: -35.406232 173.80745
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKaikohe recorded 8.53 in (21.7 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineA train was marooned at Kaikohe.

Affected LifelineKaikohe was isolated. Most of the roads leading to the station were under water.

ImpactAll the surrounding country was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Kaimamaku
Map Location: -35.504141 174.295908
Comments:

CommentThe flood at Kaimamaku was said to be the largest ever experienced.

DamageTrees and fences were swept away.

Affected LifelineThe swing bridge at Kaimamakau disappeared.

Physical CharacteristicPastures were under feet of water.

FloodingFlooding at Kaitaia
Map Location: -35.107541 173.248564
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe main street at Kaitaia was flooded 1 m deep.

CasualtiesA young man was drowned at Kaitaia when a house collapsed and was washed away while he was trying to retrieve personal belongings.

Property DamageKaitaia suffered severely, with water entering many business premises and homes. Silt deposits were left on floors.

Affected LifelinePortions of the main street were torn up.

Peak Water LevelWater flowed down the main street to a depth of 3 ft 6 in (1.1 m).

Physical CharacteristicThe floor of the Council Chambers was under 14 in (36 cm) of water.

Affected LifelineThe electric lighting plant for the theatre and Archibalds was damaged by water and out of action.

FloodingFlooding at Kawakawa
Map Location: -35.383033 174.058065
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were washouts on the railway line on both sides of Kawakawa.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kerikeri
Map Location: -35.226015 173.946775
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKerikeri recorded 10 in (25.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Kerikeri bridge was swept away.

FloodingFlooding at Kirikopuni
Map Location: -35.84455 174.008588
Comments:

Affected LifelineBridge approaches were washed out on the Kirikopuni Branch Line.

Affected LifelineAll telephone lines were down on the Kirikopuni Branch Line.

FloodingFlooding at Mangakahia River
Map Location: -35.70094 173.951098
Comments:

CommentIn the Mangakahia Valley, the water levels were higher than in the 1917 flood.

FloodingFlooding at Mangawhai Estuary
Map Location: -36.111706 174.579787
Comments:

Affected LifelineRaised roads and bridges across the Mangawhai Inlet were covered by the flood.

LandslideLandslide at Matapouri
Map Location: -35.564979 174.493979
Comments:

CommentThe rain brought down many slips at Matapouri.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThere was a fierce gale.

Property DamageThe roof of w car shed was blown away. A big pohutukawa was uprooted.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThere were heavy seas.

DamageA dinghy was smashed to matchwood.

LandslideLandslide at Maungaturoto
Map Location: -36.111292 174.354299
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were many slips through the Maungaturoto Gorge.

LandslideLandslide at Okaihau
Map Location: -35.321364 173.772793
Comments:

Affected LifelineA large slip occurred in the Okaihau railway tunnel.

LandslideLandslide at Opua
Map Location: -35.314323 174.11743
Comments:

Affected LifelineA big slip occurred in the Opua rail tunnel.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Paihia
Map Location: -35.284049 174.084489
Comments:

DamageAt Paihia, 20 boats and launches were smashed to pieces.

FloodingFlooding at Paparoa
Map Location: -36.100175 174.23636
Comments:

CommentThe flood at Paparoa was the highest since 1920.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Puhipuhi
Map Location: -35.480598 174.26901
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPuhipuhi recorded 350 mm (35.0 cm) of rain.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ruatangata West
Map Location: -35.66112 174.17358
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRuatangata recorded 9.34 in (23.7 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Russell
Map Location: -35.260642 174.122015
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRussell recorded 11.84 in (30.1 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding at Titoki
Map Location: -35.734519 174.058818
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Mangakahi River rose 19 m at Titoki.

Affected Lifeline50 ft (15 m) of the bridge spanning the Hikurangi River was carried away.

FloodingFlooding at Waitangi
Map Location: -35.267846 174.082573
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAt Waitangi, the river rose 2.5 m in 20 minutes.

FloodingFlooding at Whakapara
Map Location: -35.541332 174.277325
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe rail bride at Whakapara was destroyed and several chains of railway line was washed away.

CommentThe flood at Whakapara was the largest that could be remembered.

Crop DamageStacks of hay were washed away.

Affected LifelineRoads were badly damaged.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Whangarei
Map Location: -35.719519 174.298397
Comments:

CommentA severe storm at Whangarei on the 1st was accompained by phenomenal rain.

Physical CharacteristicWhangarei recorded 11.41 in (29.0 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 150 years).

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe lower lying areas of the town were flooded when Waiarohia Stream overflowed. Water entered a number of buildings and houses.

Affected LifelineFlood waters ran through the business district and tore up footpaths. The main streets were roaring torrents. The Bank Street footpaths were torn up for 1/2 mile (800 m).

Peak Water LevelThe flooding in Whangarei was up to 1 m deep.

CommentThis was one of the worst floods within living memory.

Affected LifelineWhangarei was isolated in all directions due to flooding. Dozens of houses were isolated by water several feet deep.

ImpactWhen Waiarohia Stream broke its banks, houses were abandoned and furniture removed. In Walton St, five houses had water pouring through them.

Property DamageThere was considerable loss to private property. A shed was completely demolished by Waiarohia Stream.

Physical CharacteristicWater swept through the Whangarei Co-operative Dairy Company, with 4-5 ft (1.2-1.5 m) of water on the boiler room floor.

Property DamageThe dairy company's losses included: 60 40-gallon drums of benzine swept out to sea, minor damage to thousands of butter boxes, the loss of several tons of soda and the loss of an unknown quantity of buttermilk powder.

DamageMair Park was ruined.

Physical CharacteristicThe bowling club's lower green was covered to a depth of 3 ft (90 cm).

Affected LifelineThe railway yards were submerged and the railway bridge north of Whangarei was destroyed, stopping rail traffic for days.

Crop DamageCrops were destroyed.

EvacueesMany people had to hastily abandon their homes.

Affected LifelineThe bridge on Woods Road was scoured.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThere were heavy south-westerly gales on the 1st.

Property DamageSeveral cottages were blown down.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThe flood waters could not escape due to the extra high tides.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentAll telephone circuits from Whangarei to Auckland were blocked.

Auckland

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Auckland
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe lowest pressure recorded was 974 mb at Auckland at 10am.

Affected LifelineTelephone, telegraph and power services were disrupted.

Affected LifelineRoads and railways were blocked by slips and heavy floods in some areas.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the province totalled £35,327 ($3,569,200 2008 dollars).

DamageDamage was caused in almost every suburb of Auckland.

Stock DamageThere were heavy stock losses.

Total DamageThe damage totalled £115,000 ($11,619,000 2008 dollars).

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

DamageOn the Auckland waterfront and Hauraki Gulf, 40 small craft either sunk or were damaged. It was estimated that over 100 pleasure crafts were either destroyed or severely damaged.

Stock Damage24 sheep died while being transported by ship from Hokianga to Onehunga.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA south-west gale raged in Auckland on the 2nd.

Property DamageIn the Auckland suburbs several roofs were lost and trees were uprooted. Shop windows were blown in, hoardings and fences were levelled, and gats were torn off hinges.

Affected LifelineFalling trees brought down power lines in all suburbs and delayed trams.

Crop DamageOrchards suffered serious damage. Henderson and Huapai orchardists were hard hit, reporting that 90% of fruit, mostly apples and pears, was shaken to the ground. Individual orchardists stated that the destruction of trees and crops had cost them from £200-£500 ($20,200-$50,500 2008 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Auckland City
Map Location: -36.852397 174.762337
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicAuckland city recorded 6.38 in (16.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period 45 years).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe storm on the 2nd brought Auckland's barometric pressure down near record figures. The official reading on this occasion was 28.766 inches (974.1 hPa).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Henderson
Map Location: -36.880798 174.619453
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicHenderson recorded 6.91 in (17.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Peak Wind SpeedHenderson recorded a wind velocity of 90 mph (145 km/hr).

FloodingFlooding at Mangatangi
Map Location: -37.201137 175.187605
Comments:

Stock DamageSheep and pigs were drowned in the Mangatangi Valley.

FloodingFlooding at Karaka
Map Location: -37.102448 174.872811
Comments:

CommentThe event at Karaka had an estimated return period of 20 years.

Property DamageDamage was done to streets and businesses.

FloodingFlooding at Mangatawhiri
Map Location: -37.218243 175.119949
Comments:

ImpactThe Mangatawhiri Stream overflowed and inundated farms.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at One Tree Hill
Map Location: -36.901098 174.787707
Comments:

DamageHundreds of trees in Cornwall Park were snapped off or uprooted.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Orakei
Map Location: -36.857346 174.816861
Comments:

Damage CostAt the Auckland Gliding Club in Orakei, the hanger was smashed and two gliders inside were destroyed. The damage was estimated at £150 ($15,200 2008 dollars).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Pukekohe
Map Location: -37.206561 174.898162
Comments:

Crop DamageAt Pukekohe, potato plants were sheared off at ground level.

Property DamageBuildings were demolished.

Affected LifelinePoles were levelled.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageStock losses were reported at Pukekohe.

FloodingFlooding at Tahekeroa
Map Location: -36.527856 174.565925
Comments:

ImpactFloods marooned a train from Auckland at Tahikeroa, forcing passengers to sleep in carriages on both the night of the 1st and the night of the 2nd.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Warkworth
Map Location: -36.40461 174.668477
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWarkworth recorded 10.81 in (27.5 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period over 120 years).

Waikato

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Waikato
Comments:

CommentThis was the greastest storm within the memory of a generation.

CommentTorrential rain was accompanied by north-westerly winds.

Affected LifelineMany areas in the Waikato were isolated by telephone wires broken by falling debris, slips and the floods. All communications along the East Coast were severed, but a temporary line was put from Paeroa to Waihi later on the 2nd.

Crop DamageThere were heavy crop losses. Haystacks in some King Country localities suffered severely.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageHigh winds razed several trees.

DamageMany trees were uprooted in King Country.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Waikato River was a swirling turbid stream, in the greastest flood since 1907.

ImpactAll low-lying areas along the Waikato River were flooded.

Physical CharacteristicThe water level was 12 ft (3.7 m) above normal in some areas.

Stock DamageThere were heavy stock losses.

Property DamageHeavy damage was done to property.

Affected LifelineThe road between Paeroa and Te Aroha was impassable for a time on the 2nd. The Thames Coast Road suffered severe damage, with numerous washouts all along the road. All traffic with Coromandel and Mercury Bay was cut off for a time by the collapse of the bridge at Waiomu.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Waikato district totalled £5,875 ($593,600 2008 dollars).

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Hauraki district totalled £4,400 ($444,500 2008 dollars).

CommentThere was extensive flooding throughout the Hauraki district.

CommentThere was a flood of exceptional dimensions in the Waihou River.

CommentThe surrounding districts of Paeroa, including parts of the Hauraki Plains, the Ohinemuri and Piako counties and the entire Thames Valley, suffered extensively from severe flooding of swollen rivers and creeks.

ImpactLarge areas of King Country farmland were inundated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineSeveral slips came down on the railway line between Waihi and Paeroa.

FloodingFlooding at Arapuni
Map Location: -38.069486 175.651148
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waikato River at Arapuni peaked at 14,940 cusecs (423 cumecs).

LandslideLandslide at Awakino Gorge
Map Location: -38.665063 174.716871
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were slips in the Awakino Valley.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Cambridge
Map Location: -37.886228 175.445175
Comments:

CommentIt was the worst storm in Cambridge for years.

DamageConsiderable damage was done.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentAn east to south-east wind rose to gale force during the night.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentKarapiro Stream was in high flood.

Affected LifelineTwo bridges were washed away.

ImpactMuch property was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Hamilton
Map Location: -37.780816 175.272836
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waikato River rose 10 ft (3.0 m) above normal at Hamilton.

ImpactSeveral buildings in Hamilton were invaded.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hikutaia
Map Location: -37.290044 175.654673
Comments:

CommentThe rainfall at Hikutaia was severe.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe flooding at Hikutaia was severe.

ImpactThe Ohinemuri River inundated thousands of acres of farmland.

ImpactWater rushed through shops, hotels and all the houses on the main road. The bowling green, croquet and tennis courts were under water due to the Hikutaia River coming over the main road.

Stock DamageAt the saleyards, 400 valuable sheep were drowned when their pen was swept against fencing. On Mr Young's farm, four cows were electrocuted by falling power lines.

Damage CostThe cost of the sheep at the saleyards was estimated at about £400 ($40,400 2008 dollars).

Crop DamageAll maize, fruit and other crops were badly damaged. Two paddocks of cut hay were swept away.

Property DamageAt the Hikutaia saleyards, flood waters wrought devastating damage and laid waste a wide area.

Affected LifelineAll electric power was off throughout the district on the 2nd, and water was still off from the mains on the 3rd. All the power poles were down on Mr Young's farm.

Property DamageThe bakery was severely flooded and all the flour was lost.

Affected LifelineThe tar-sealing was all ripped up in front of the bank.

CommentPiles of debris left on the top of the stopbanks indicated the height and force of the flood.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Huntly
Map Location: -37.559936 175.162622
Comments:

DamageHuntly escaped lightly, with several trees blown down.

Property DamageThe verandah of a house was torn from its foundations and thrown by the wind.

FloodingFlooding at Karangahake
Map Location: -37.420018 175.722855
Comments:

Affected LifelineA fierce torrent of black, muddy water rushed through Karangahake tunnel from Waikino to the Gorge, causing a large pile-up of silt and debris in the Gorge.

Physical CharacteristicWater in the Karangahake railway tunnel was 3 in (7.6 cm) over the rail level at the Waihi entrance.

Affected LifelineThe swing bridge across the Ohinemuri River from the store to the railway station was washed away.

Stock DamageCattle were seen floating in the flood waters.

ImpactPeople had to wade through flood waters to their homes. The members of one family were forced to climb higher up the mountain to avoid the flood waters and another couple spent a night on the roof of their house.

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Karangahake had a peak discharge of 33,200 cusecs (940 cumecs) on the 2nd, with a catchment area of 111 square miles (287 km^2).

FloodingFlooding at Kauaeranga
Map Location: -37.146613 175.601442
Comments:

Property DamageConsiderable damage was done to farms in the Kauaeranga Valley.

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Kawhia
Map Location: -38.064484 174.82496
Comments:

DamageBoats in the harbour broke from their moorings and several smaller boats were patially buried in the sand.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineBridges were swept away.

ImpactA large area of pasture was inundated.

Stock DamageMany sheep and fowl were drowned.

FloodingFlooding at Mackaytown
Map Location: -37.410373 175.711746
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Ohinemuri River at Mackaytown reached a peak level of 141.70 ft (43.19 m). This was 3 ft (90 cm) above the previous record in March 1910 (138.4 ft).

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Mackaytown had an estimated maximum discharge of 33,200 cusecs (940 cumecs).

Affected LifelineThe Mackaytown suspension bridge was severely damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Mangaiti
Map Location: -37.497171 175.682829
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Mangaiti reached a peak level of 120.4 ft (36.70 m).

FloodingFlooding at Mangatawhiri
Map Location: -37.218243 175.119949
Comments:

Affected LifelineExtensive flooding in the Mangatawhiri Valley blocked all traffic between Paeroa and Auckland. The Mangatawhiri Valley was still impassable on the 3rd.

Affected LifelineIt was reported that the Mangatawhiri bridge had collapsed.

FloodingFlooding at Mokau
Map Location: -38.698095 174.617661
Comments:

CommentThe Mohakatino and Mokau Rivers were running bank high.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ngaruawahia
Map Location: -37.668325 175.128
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Raglan County Council gauge recorded 4.31 in (10.9 cm) of rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Damage CostThe damage to the road between Ngaruawahia and Glen Massey was estrimated at £1000 ($101,000 2008 dollars).

Physical CharacteristicThe Raglan County Council gauge registered a rise of 3 ft (90 cm) in the Waipa River.

FloodingFlooding at Ngutunui Stream
Map Location: -38.059838 175.063078
Comments:

Affected LifelineA large body of water came down the Ngutunui Stream and carried away a large bridge and damaged 4 km of road.

FloodingFlooding at Ohinemuri River
Map Location: -37.407707 175.819011
Comments:

CommentThere was a flood of exceptional dimensions in the Ohinemuri River.

ImpactThe Ohinemuri River overflowed the left stopbank within a mile of the Criterion bridge at Paeroa. The river broke its banks close to Barrett's farm on Waihi Road and covered a large area. It also broke away on the Te Aroha side of the main road.

Affected LifelineThe Ohinemuri River covered both the main highway and the Old Te Aroha Road.

FloodingFlooding at Paeroa
Map Location: -37.373937 175.671378
Comments:

CommentThere was heavy flooding around Paeroa.

Physical CharacteristicSome Paeroa farms were under water to depths of 3-4 m.

Peak River LevelThe Ohinemuri River at Criterion Bridge reached a peak level of 122.8 ft (37.43 m).

Peak River FlowThe Ohinemuri River at Criterion Bridge had an estimated peak discharge of 24,000 cusecs (680 cumecs).

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Ngahina Bridge reached a peak level of 110.0 ft (33.53 m).

Stock DamageDairy cattle and sheep were lost.

DamageRelatively little damage was done in Paeroa, although it was the centre of the badly-affected areas.

Affected LifelineTraffic from Paeroa to Hamilton and Auckland was dislocated by the floods.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageSeveral shop verandah blinds in Belmont Road and Normanby Road were shredded by the gale. Some windows were also blown in.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pirongia Mountain
Map Location: -37.991292 175.089509
Comments:

CommentTorrential rain fell on Mount Pirongia.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere were flash floods in the streams and gullies running down the sides of the mountain.

LandslideLandslide at Puhoi
Comments:

CasualtiesA man was killed at Puhoi, 16 miles (26 km) north of Thames, when a hut was carried into a flooded stream by a slip.

FloodingFlooding at Pokeno
Map Location: -37.245504 175.0131
Comments:

Affected LifelineIt was reported that a bridge near Pokeno had collapsed.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Pukeroro
Map Location: -37.881857 175.418294
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicPukeroro recorded 3.26 in (8.3 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Putaruru
Map Location: -38.054083 175.784529
Comments:

DamageHigh winds brought trees down.

Crop DamageOrchards were wrecked.

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by falling trees.

FloodingFlooding at Tararu
Map Location: -37.111701 175.512923
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe northern abutment of the Tararu bridge was washed out, but repaired.

FloodingFlooding at Taupo
Map Location: -38.69531 176.070758
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Waikato River at the Taupo outfall peaked at 6,560 cusecs (186 cumecs).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Aroha
Map Location: -37.536498 175.715457
Comments:

CommentTe Aroha felt the full force of the gale.

Property DamageRoofs were lifted by the wind.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were impassable and traffic was held up by flooding and debris. The road from Morrinsville was covered in branches.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe township was surrounded by deep floods. The Waihou River flooded miles of low-lying land.

Affected LifelineAt least one bridge was washed away - the Waiorongomai bridge.

Physical CharacteristicThe Waihou River rose 11 ft (3.4 m) in three hours.

ImpactFlood waters entered the Northern Store.

ImpactMilking had to be done by hand.

Peak River LevelThe Waihou River at Te Aroha reached a peak level of 128.97 ft (39.31 m).

Stock DamageHundreds of cattle and sheep were seen floating down the flood waters.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Te Awamutu
Map Location: -38.009384 175.334988
Comments:

Affected LifelineIn the Te Awamutu area a landslide blocked the Waipa River, then water built up the dam, and washed away three bridges when the dam broke.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Kauwhata
Map Location: -37.399424 175.142967
Comments:

Crop DamageMany orchards in the Te Kauwhata district were devastated by the gale. Many trees were completely levelled and others were stripped of their fruit. Between 400 and 600 cases of fruit were lost.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Thames
Map Location: -37.140988 175.533107
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThames recorded 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

CommentThere was an exceptionally heavy deluge in the hills. The rain quickly ceased at daylight, with only occasional light showers till evening.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactKaraka Stream overflowed at about 2am on the 2nd, and swept through the Thames township. The stream brought down tons of silt and sand as well as many large boulders, trees, stumps and branches.

ImpactShops and many houses were flooded.

Property DamageThe business portion between Mary and Albert Streets suffered the most damage. Shops, offices and the Hauraki Clothing Factory were inundated with water and flood deposits. Pollen Street was covered with several inches of silt, which caused considerable damage to stock in shops. Hotel cellars were filled with water or sand and one was badly damaged with silt.

Peak Water LevelBuildings in Grahamstown were flooded with water up to 3 ft (90 cm) in extreme cases.

Stock DamageDairy cattle and sheep were lost.

Physical CharacteristicPark Hotel, Queens Hotel and the Borough Council had over 3 ft (90 cm) of water covering the floors.

Damage CostThe cost of clearing up the damage was estimated at over £2000 ($202,100 2008 dollars).

CommentResidents were warned of the rise of water by the sounding of the fire siren.

ImpactSouth of Thames, paddocks were inundated with storm water.

CommentLogs and debris were scattered thickly in the vicinity of all the creeks and the Kauaeranga River.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Thames water supply was damaged by a slip on the water race, causing the supply to be cut for several days. Several chains of the water race supplying the town from the Kauaeranga River were washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

InjuriesA woman was injured as a skylight was blown in, rendering her unconcious.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentHigh seas were running on the coast all day, backed up by a high north-westerly wind.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Waihi
Map Location: -37.39414 175.820732
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWaihi recorded 9 in (22.9 cm) of rain in 10 1/2 hours.

Physical CharacteristicWaihi recorded 2 in (5.1 cm) of rain in 1 hour.

LandslideLandslide at Waiomu
Map Location: -37.026591 175.509342
Comments:

CasualtiesA middle-aged man was killed when his hut was carried away in a slip.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe northern end of the bridge over the creek at Waiomu was washed out, dislocating all traffic.

FloodingFlooding at Wharepoa
Map Location: -37.268304 175.621145
Comments:

DamageNo serious damage was reported at Wharepoa.

Bay of Plenty

FloodingFlooding at Bay of Plenty
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe water rose 3 ft (90 cm) over the Boulder and Beacon bridges.

Affected LifelineOn the Tauranga-Te Puke highway, the Atuaroa River overflowed and flooded the road.

FloodingFlooding at Ngongotaha Stream
Map Location: -38.121174 176.146687
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNgongotaha Stream rose 15 ft (4.6 m).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Rotorua
Map Location: -38.140434 176.262282
Comments:

CommentThe storm at Rotorua was the severest ever experienced in the memory of old residents.

DamageSevere havoc was done in various parts of the district.

Property DamageThe original Maori Church at Ohinemutu was demolished and water swirled through a house near Ohinemutu Village.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRotorua received over 6 in (15.2 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentMost streams flowing into the Lake broke their banks.

ImpactPrivate property was inundated.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were power cuts caused by falling trees.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Tauranga
Map Location: -37.679532 176.173022
Comments:

CommentA strong south-east gale was experienced at Tauranga.

DamageSeveral trees were blown down around the borough.

Property DamageGardens were ruined.

Crop DamageOrchards were mutilated.

Affected LifelinePower Board services were affected in many areas as a result of tree branches. The telegraph service was cut off between Tauranga and outside places.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by slips and fallen trees and scoured by flood waters.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentThe gale was accompanied by heavy driving rain from the east.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentRivers were swollen.

Affected LifelineDamage was done to metalling and pumicing surfaces of roads.

Affected LifelineA small bridge on the Soldiers Settlement Road was washed away.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

DamageFew launches dragged their moorings, one launch was blown ashore and a yacht was blown onto the breakwater. One launch sank by the railway bridge and another was blown under the bridge and smashed to pieces on the rocks.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Te Kaha
Map Location: -37.740812 177.681126
Comments:

CommentThere was a large storm surge at Te Kaha with extreme high tides.

DamageEight fishing boats were swept away.

Property DamageA house was washed into the sea.

Affected LifelineThe road was washed away in places.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Te Ngae
Comments:

Property DamageA milking shed at Te Ngae was unroofed.

FloodingFlooding at Waiari
Map Location: -37.829122 176.316713
Comments:

Affected LifelineAt Waiari Valley, flood waters covered the road.

Hawke's Bay

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Hawke's Bay
Comments:

Damage CostThe damage to county roads in the province totalled £13,400 ($1,354,000 2008 dollars).

DamageThe widespread damage and devastation in such a short period of time had not been seen since five years previously.

Property DamageExtensive damage was done to farms by both silting and the wind.

Crop DamageThe damage caused to the fruit growing industry was the most serious effect of the flooding and gales. Extensive damage was done to orchards and serious damage was done to fruit and maize crops. Stone fruit trees suffered the most. Most of the season's crop was completely lost, a very large proportion of the fruit based trees being levelled to the ground. Orchardists faced heavy losses of up to 70% of crops. Orchardists had probably a 50% total loss, affecting the export to the extent of 80%. Affected areas included Pakowhai, Greenmeadows and Havelock North. Orchard and shelter belt trees were blown over in all directions, which exposed fruit trees to the full force of the gale.

Damage CostThe damage to the fruit growing industry was expected to amount to £100,000-£150,000 ($10,103,000-$15,155,000 2008 dollars).

Crop DamageAt a 10-acre orchard of 6-year-old trees, at least two-thirds were blown to the ground.

Affected LifelineHigh winds caused serious dislocation of telegraph and telephone services and lesser interruption to the power supply. Hastings, Napier and Waipukurau were cut off from telephone and telegraphic communication. The rural telephone service was out, leaving many settlers isolated.

Affected LifelineAir services were down.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThere was extensive flooding throughout Hawke's Bay and severe flooding in southern Hawke's Bay. Extensive areas of land were flooded in the Clive, Fernhill, Haumoana and Te Awanga areas.

Affected LifelineRoads throughout the district were blocked by flood waters. Streams scoured roads and approaches to bridges, bridges were destroyed and washouts occurred.

Affected LifelineRailway lines were indunated by flood waters.

Stock DamageThere were serious stock losses.

CommentThe three main rivers rose rapidly.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

InjuriesTwo train carriages and the guard vans were blown over by the force of the wind and fell several feet down a bank. A baby was left unconscious and five other passengers required medical attention for injuries.

Physical CharacteristicThe carriage was struck by a 70-mph (113-km/hr) gale, and toppled off the line.

Affected LifelineTrees lay across the roads in many country districts.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineNumerous slips occurred on roads.

FloodingFlooding at Chesterhope homestead
Map Location: -39.58081 176.85412
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses in Chesterhope. On one farm 1500 sheep were lost and Mr Master lost three draught horses worht £200 ($20,200 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Clifton
Map Location: -39.640227 177.002035
Comments:

DamageIn the Clifton area, flooding ruined grass crops, damaged fences and caused general dislocations of farm work.

FloodingFlooding at Clive
Map Location: -39.586947 176.912721
Comments:

Affected LifelineClive was flooded by the Tukituki River, cutting the road and rail link between Napier and Hastings. Flood waters covered portions of the railway lines on the Clive side of Waitangi Dip.

Stock Damage1500 sheep were drowned in stock-yards.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eskdale
Map Location: -39.394568 176.82922
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEskdale recorded 5.75 in (7.0 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Fernhill
Map Location: -39.590617 176.762035
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Ngaruroru River rose 13 ft (4.0 m) above normal at Fernhill.

FloodingFlooding at Hakowhai
Map Location: -39.493547 176.725328
Comments:

Stock DamageStock losses were heavy at Hakowhai. The A and P Society lost 500 sheep and Fernie Bros lost 1000 sheep.

DamageRuinous damage was done in the area.

Damage CostA moderate estimate of damage in the area was £60,000 ($6,062,000 2008 dollars).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Hastings
Map Location: -39.635771 176.828045
Comments:

CommentWinds reached almost hurricane force at Hastings.

Property DamageWidespread damage was done to business premises. The Hastings Women's Community Club had an estimated £200 ($20,200 2008 dollars) of damage caused when the roof was carried across the road onto power lines and surrounding premises. In various places windows were blown in or damaged, signs were torn away and wireless masts and aerials were toppled.

DamageMany trees were uprooted around town. Trees were felled in Cornwell Park.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain fell at Hastings.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentSerious flooding occurred.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Haumoana
Map Location: -39.602913 176.946842
Comments:

Affected LifelineFallen trees blocked Haumoana Road at the side of Black Bridge, stranding people.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were small stock losses in Haumoana.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Maraekakaho
Map Location: -39.64746 176.619961
Comments:

Affected LifelineValley Road, Maraekakaho, was impassable to traffic due to fallen trees.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineAorangi and Mangatahi Roads were impassable due bridge appraches being washed away.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Maraetotara Reserve
Map Location: -39.868507 176.890754
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicMaraetotora recorded 10 in mm (25.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours (Return Period 125 years).

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineMaraetotara Road was blocked by several slips.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Napier
Map Location: -39.502426 176.892804
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNapier recorded 101 mm (10.1 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNapier recorded 3.69 in (9.4 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

Affected LifelineNapier was entirely isolated, with all communications cut. There was no access by road between Napier and Hastings.

Peak River LevelThe Tutaekuri River rose 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) above normal at Redcliff.

Affected LifelineTwo small bridges between Greenmeadows and Lower Torren were washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageThe Taradale Grandstand was unroofed and the walls collapsed with the force of the winds.

FloodingFlooding at Ngaruroro River
Map Location: -39.589606 176.552838
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Ngaruroru River had an estimated peak discharge of 60,000 cusecs (1699 cumecs).

FloodingFlooding at Ongaonga
Map Location: -39.915653 176.427543
Comments:

Affected LifelineDamage was done to roads, especially in Ongaonga, and some were impassable.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Pakowhai
Map Location: -39.584175 176.861298
Comments:

Crop DamagePakowhai suffered great and widespread damage to crops.

FloodingFlooding at Puketapu
Map Location: -39.508443 176.793634
Comments:

ImpactA large area of the Puketapu Valley was flooded.

FloodingFlooding at Tutaekuri River
Map Location: -39.450942 176.634072
Comments:

Peak River FlowThe Tutaekuri River had an estimated peak discharge of 80,000 cusecs (2265 cumecs).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Waipukurau
Map Location: -39.999445 176.562423
Comments:

CommentThe Waipukurau area experienced 24 hours of heavy rain.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Tukituki River burst its banks at Waipukurau.

Stock DamageStock losses in the Waipukurau area were heavy. Thousands of cattle and sheep were drowned.

ImpactThe whole resisdential area of town was inundated.

Physical CharacteristicIn Central Hawkes Bay, the floors of shops were flooded with several inches of water.

Property DamageExtensive damage was done to stock and furniture, especially on Mount Herbet Road.

Evacuees70 families were driven from their homes.

Peak Water LevelThe water was up to 3 ft (90 cm) deep inside houses.

Physical CharacteristicThe Esk River flooded to over 1 km wide.

CommentThis was the most disastrous flood in the history of Waipukurau.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageThe winds uprooted hundreds of trees.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked and power and telephone lines were down.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Wairoa
Map Location: -39.041861 177.423248
Comments:

Property DamageAt Wairoa, walls completely collapsed and a whole building was felled. Roofs were lost and numerous portions of other buildings were blown down.

Affected LifelineThe power was out in Wairoa. Power dislocation was mainly caused by felled trees.

Taranaki

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Taranaki
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by both slips and flood waters.

Damage CostDamage to county roads totalled £19,157 ($1,935,500 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineRailway lines were blocked by slips and other debris. The main north trunk line from New Plymouth was blocked by slips and flood waters.

DamageOpunake and Egmont County suffered the most severely, with extensive wind damage throughout the countryside and severe damage to back country roads and bridges.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamagePigs were drowned in South Taranaki.

Affected LifelineDamage was done to the main north road bridge. Bridges in Waimate West County were destroyed by flooding.

CommentA considerable amount of water was running in all North Taranaki rivers.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThe wind blew with hurricane force in Taranaki.

Property DamageBuildings were destroyed.

Affected LifelineTelegraph and telephone poles were down in thousands.

FloodingFlooding at Auroa
Map Location: -39.484778 174.044739
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

FloodingFlooding at Awatuna
Map Location: -39.435727 174.039904
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Bell Block
Map Location: -39.030626 174.145623
Comments:

CommentA terrific wind blew at Bell Block.

DamageHuge pine trees were down and trunks were snapped clean off or torn out of the ground.

Affected LifelineTelephone and power poles were broken.

Crop DamageHaystacks were demolished.

Property DamageWorkmen's huts were blown down and roofing iron was scattered over a wide area.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road slipped away in several places.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dawson Falls
Map Location: -39.321582 174.105391
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDawson Falls recorded 406 mm (40.6 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Eltham
Map Location: -39.426207 174.302281
Comments:

Affected LifelineThree bridges on Eltham Road were damaged.

ImpactLow-lying areas of Eltham were inundated.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hawera
Map Location: -39.586876 174.27571
Comments:

CommentThe rain at Hawera commenced at 2pm on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicHawera recorded 2.75 in (7.0 cm) of rain in the 19 hours from 2pm on the 1st to 9am on the 2nd.

Physical CharacteristicHawera recorded 138 mm (13.8 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA south-easterly wind was blowing.

DamageWind damage was done in Hawera. Back gardens and yards were littered with debris.

Property DamageBoundary fences were blown down, sheet iron was lifted from house roofs and many chimney pots were blown down.

Crop DamageTomato crops were ruined.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Property DamageWindows were blown in, and water flooded interiors.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentTerrific seas pounded the beach along the coast.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe temporary bridge over the Tangahoe River was damaged. Tremendous logs were swept against the bridge.

Physical CharacteristicThe Tangaohoe River rose 27 ft (8.2 m) above normal.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Inglewood
Map Location: -39.163073 174.187246
Comments:

CommentA heavy gale was experienced at Inglewood.

CommentResidents stated that there had never been such a disastrous storm.

DamageThere was severe wind damage in Inglewood. Enormous trees were uprooted.

Property DamageEasily 50% of house windows were smashed. A large number of verandahs, chimneys, windows, trees, power poles and sheds were wrecked.

Property DamageBadminton Hall was completely razed to the ground and the Anglican Church lost its roof. At Nodders Hotel, the verandah was torn off and all the windows on one side were smashed. At Private Hotel, the verandah was torn off and windows were smashed, leaving rooms drenched. At Winfields Buildings, windows were smashed and the verandah at an adjacent shop was torn off. A two-storey iron building was wrecked and the Croquet Pavilion was blown over.

Affected LifelineThe electricity supply was disorganised.

Affected LifelineTelephone communication was disorganised.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Kaimiro
Map Location: -39.19459 174.146125
Comments:

CommentSevere south-east winds swept the countryside at Kaimiro, rising to hurricane force.

DamageHuge trees fell like ninepins.

Property DamageThe amount of damage done to buildings was horrifying. Roofs were ripped off sheds and at least three cowsheds were demolished. Three huge trees fell right across one house, wrecking some of the bedrooms. Another house was severely damaged, a new house was unroofed and the roof was ripped off Kaimiro Hall.

FloodingFlooding at Mimi River
Map Location: -38.961156 174.492945
Comments:

CommentThe Mimi River was running bank high.

ImpactIn the Mimi Valley paddocks were feet deep in water.

Affected LifelineWater flowed over the road in four places.

CommentThe flood was described by settlers as the worst they had ever seen.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Property DamageDamage to bush and farm buildings was severe.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at New Plymouth
Map Location: -39.051214 174.06972
Comments:

CommentA very severe south-east gale blew at New Plymouth.

Property DamageFrankleigh Park Hall was destroyed and many housess had windows blown in. Chimneys, sheds and fences were demolished in all directions.

DamageIn the suburbs large pine trees were smashed off at ground level.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal
Comments:

CommentThe sea very very rough.

CasualtiesThe fishing launch 'Mokau' was lost off the coast 9 miles (14 km) south of New Plymouth and the father and son crew were presumed drowned.

DamageDamage was done at the port.

FloodingFlooding at Oaonui
Map Location: -39.386783 173.807544
Comments:

CommentOaonui Stream overflowed.

Affected LifelineOaoiti Stream at the Oaonui factory was flowing across the road on top of the bridge.

FloodingFlooding at Opunake
Map Location: -39.456198 173.859526
Comments:

ImpactOpunake was flooded by Hihiwera Stream.

Affected LifelineOpunake was comepletely isolated, with both road and rail approaches washed out.

Affected LifelineThe Waiaua River at Opunake swept away 30-40 ft (9.1-12.2 m) of the approach on the town side, leaving the road impassable.

Affected LifelineThe Waiaua River wrecked the rail bridge.

ImpactTe Namu Stream at the Opunake factory rushed across the flat and through a house.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe telephone service was down.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Patea
Map Location: -39.759215 174.475094
Comments:

DamageWind damage was done in Patea.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelinePatea was unable to commincate with towns north of Stratford and south of Waverley.

FloodingFlooding at Rahotu
Map Location: -39.325994 173.805636
Comments:

ImpactA small creek near the Methodist church overflowed and flooded the township. One or two houses were wntered by flood waters.

DamagePungaereere Stream changed its course and eroded its banks.

Affected LifelineThe Main South Road was impassable due to damage to the Okahu bridge. A pier on the Oaonui side of the Okahu bridge was washed away.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageA verandah was blown off a Rahotu billiard room and a roof was blown off a new house on Oporapa Road.

FloodingFlooding at Riverlea
Map Location: -39.435805 174.078823
Comments:

DamageAt Awatuna, Auroa and Riverlea, power plants for milking machines were swept away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Stratford
Map Location: -39.343721 174.267614
Comments:

CommentA gale accompained by torrential rain was experienced at Stratford.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Stratford Main Trunk railway was blocked by a series of more than 12 slips, one over 500 m long.

FloodingFlooding at Tangahoe River
Map Location: -39.5212 174.418125
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Tangahoe River was 8.2 m above normal.

LandslideLandslide at Tangarakau
Map Location: -39.019136 174.862123
Comments:

Affected LifelineTwo slips occurred at the Tangarakau side of the No.8 tunnel.

FloodingFlooding at Te Kiri
Map Location: -39.435378 173.979489
Comments:

Affected LifelineTe Kiri bridge over Punehu Stream was severely damaged.

Damage CostA new bridge would cost £10,000 ($1,010,000 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Te Wera
Map Location: -39.239324 174.57673
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a small washout on the road at Te Wera.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Urenui
Map Location: -38.997709 174.384059
Comments:

CommentUrenui caught the full force of the gale.

Property DamageA good deal of damage was done to buildings. A church had portions of roofing iron torn off and scores of houses in the area were damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Uruti
Map Location: -38.94362 174.530172
Comments:

CommentExtensive flooding occurred in the Uruti Valley.

Affected LifelineThe main road was submerged by water to a depth of 1 ft-18 in (30-45 cm).

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere were electricity and telecommunication outages in the Uruti Valley when telephone, telegraph and power lines were brought down.

DamageThere was widespread evidence of a gale.

FloodingFlooding at Waiaua River
Map Location: -39.357624 173.960355
Comments:

ImpactThe Waiaua Valley was flooded.

Affected LifelineA washout on the Waiaua River bridge cut off the approach.

FloodingFlooding at Waingongoro River
Map Location: -39.350698 174.207406
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waingongoro River flooded 1.8 m over the top of the dam.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Waitara
Map Location: -38.99656 174.213734
Comments:

Property DamageAt Waitara, a number of large buildings disintegrated and the harbour beacon tower was blown over. A 25 m steel and brick chimney was blown over.

Crop DamageCrops were destroyed.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe bridge at Waitara River was unsafe.

FloodingFlooding at Waitotara Valley
Map Location: -39.706664 174.834381
Comments:

CommentThe flood in the Waitotara Valley was a 50 year flood.

EvacueesSeveral houses were evacuated in the Waitotara Valley.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineWaitotara Valley roads were impassable due to flooding and slips.

FloodingFlooding at Waiwhakaiho River
Map Location: -39.202437 174.127733
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Waiwakaiho River rose 4.3 m.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Waverley
Map Location: -39.760037 174.612857
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main road south was blocked at Waverley.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineTelegraph, telephone and power lines were brought down in all directions.

Manawatu-Wanganui

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Manawatu-Wanganui
Comments:

DamageExtensive damage was done throughout the Manawatu district, mainly by the gales.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the Manawatu district totalled £4,457 ($450,300 2008 dollars).

DamageWidespread and serious damage occurred in the Wanganui District.

Damage CostDamage to county roads in the area totalled £21,900 ($2,213,000 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communications were interrrupted.

Affected LifelineRoads and railways were blocked over wide areas. Traffic was stopped on practically all roads in the Wanganui district due to slips and washouts. The Taihape-Ohakune road was closed. The road between Levin and Palmerston North via Shannon was badly damaged.

CommentThis was the worst cyclone in recorded history up to that time.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Stock DamageThere were serious stock losses in the flooded areas, with thousands of sheep drowned.

ImpactAll rivers east of the gorge overflowed and large areas of land were inundated.

Physical CharacteristicThe total runoff in the Manawatu was estimated at 222,000 acre-feet.

Property DamageLow-lying areas in the Wanganui district were flooded, causing considerable damage to property. Thousands of acres of farmland was flooded.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineFrom Heao Station towards Ohura, slips occurred every few miles on the railway line as far as Mangapara.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentThe gale was of enormous magnitude.

DamageExtensive areas of forest were razed to the ground on the western slopes of the Tararua Ranges.

Property DamageIn the Manawatu, barns, woolsheds, and cowsheds were destroyed.

InjuriesA farmer had his leg broken when the shed he was inside collapsed.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dannevirke
Map Location: -40.212104 176.095139
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 4 in (10.2 cm) of rain in 48 hours.

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 2.30 in (5.8 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicDannevirke recorded 2.45 in (6.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentRivers and streams broke their banks.

Affected LifelineBridges in the country were carried away.

Damage CostThe approximate damage for the Dannevirke country areas was £3000 ($303,100 2008 dollars). The Te Rehunga district fared the worst.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageSouth-easterly gales caused some damage.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentThis was the worst storm for many years.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Eketahuna
Map Location: -40.643504 175.709279
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 2.49 in (6.3 cm) of rain on the 1st.

Physical CharacteristicEketahuna recorded 2.94 in (7.5 cm) of rain on the 2nd.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentA gale of cyclonic force swept through Eketahuna.

DamageSevere wind damage was done at Eketahuna.

Property DamageThere was widespread property damage. Trees and fences were blown away and windows were smashed. A large concrete motor garage was practically demolished.

Affected LifelinePower and telephone services were interupted.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactWide areas were under water.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Feilding
Map Location: -40.218333 175.546479
Comments:

Property DamageThe Feilding Aero Club hanger was blown away and two planes inside were destroyed.

LandslideLandslide at Heao Station
Map Location: -38.970856 174.971628
Comments:

Affected LifelineA huge slip occurred at the Heao end of the No.9 tunnel on the main north railway line.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Karere
Map Location: -40.392402 175.518295
Comments:

Property DamageThe railway station at Karere disappeared.

FloodingFlooding at Levin
Map Location: -40.610591 175.272321
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Foxton to Levin highway was impassable.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageWindows were broken and a shop verandah was carried away. Several houses had their roofs torn off.

DamageTrees were flattened.

Affected LifelinePower lines were felled. Considerable damage was done to power lines between Levin and Shannon.

Affected LifelineFallen trees blocked the line between Levin and Otaki.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Longburn
Map Location: -40.381237 175.534372
Comments:

Property DamageLongburn anglican church was demolished by the wind and the hall lost its roof.

Stock DamageA horse was cut in half by flying corrugated iron.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Makerua
Map Location: -40.515613 175.444998
Comments:

InjuriesSeveral people were injured when the last two passenger coaches and the guard's van of an excursion train were blown off the line and thrown down a bank near Makerua. Five people were badly injured.

FloodingFlooding at Moutoa
Map Location: -40.507761 175.389825
Comments:

AreaAt Moutoa, 14,500 acres (58.68 km^2) were flooded.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Damage CostDamage to Motua district roads totalled £22,000 ($2,223,000 2008 dollars).

FloodingFlooding at Oroua River
Map Location: -40.316054 175.486605
Comments:

AreaIn the Oroua district 18,000 acres (72.84 km^2) were flooded.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Palmerston North
Map Location: -40.355525 175.616438
Comments:

CommentThe gale struck Palmerston North before midnight on the 1st.

Property DamageMany houses were wholly or partially unroofed. Enormous damage was done to trees and gardens. Windows were smashed and chimneys lost. A block chimney collapsed into a house and a farm building was unroofed. Hoardings, fences, and brick walls were all blown over.

Property DamageIn Terrace End, a small railway station was blown across the road. Railway huts were turned completely over. A big grandstand at the A and P Association showgrounds was blown over and wrecked. Grandstands at Awapuni racecourse and the sports ground were also demolished.

CasualtiesAn elderly man was killed when he was blown off his roof while trying to repair it.

InjuriesOne man was serioulsy injured.

Crop DamageEnormous damage was done to orchards.

Affected LifelineTelegraph and electric lines were wrecked. Most parts of the city were without power on the night of the 2nd.

Affected LifelineMany roads were completely blocked. Iron, broken wires, poles, trees, timber and fencing all lay in a mass on the highway.

Physical CharacteristicWinds of 60 mph (96 km/hr) were experienced.

Physical CharacteristicAt Palmerston North, the winds measured 10 on the Beaufort Scale, averaging 48-55 knots (89-102 km/hr) at 9am on the 2nd.

Affected Lifeline70 trees fell across the Napier telegraph line between Palmerston North and Ashhurst. 28 trees came down over the main power lines in a 120 m stretch of road.

Affected LifelineThe suspension bridge on the road connecting the Palmerston-Shannon and Palmerston-Foxton highways was severely buffeted by the gale.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Manawatu River rose 17 ft 3 in (5.26 m) at the Fitzherbert Bridge gauge.

Peak River FlowThe Manawatu River at the Fitzherbert Bridge gauge had a peak discharge of 93,000 cusecs (2633 cumecs).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

DamageMany thousands of pounds would not cover the total damage.

FloodingFlooding at Pipiriki
Map Location: -39.480016 175.04686
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Wanganui River at Pipiriki rose 50 ft (15.2 m) above the wharf.

FloodingFlooding at Rangiotu
Map Location: -40.421134 175.439206
Comments:

ImpactAreas around Rangiotu were inundated.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Shannon
Map Location: -40.551271 175.420312
Comments:

CommentA heavy easterly gale blew at Shannon.

DamageConsiderable damage was done.

Affected LifelineCommunication north and south was interrupted.

Affected LifelineTrees across lines in many places broke communications.

FloodingFlooding at Taonui
Map Location: -40.256048 175.592591
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Manawatu River rose 5 m and flooded the Taonui basin.

FloodingFlooding at Waitotara
Map Location: -39.80567 174.72609
Comments:

DamageThe Waitotara county suffered severely.

ImpactThe Waitotara River overflowed and water invaded houses in the township.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineMany slips came down on the surrounding roads.

FloodingFlooding at Wanganui
Map Location: -39.932232 175.028352
Comments:

Peak River LevelThe Whanganui River was in high flood, reaching a peak level of 4 ft (1.2 m) below the top of the town wharf.

ImpactThe Whanganui River flooded thousands of acres of farmland and entered a number of houses.

DamageTwo spans of the Shell Oil Company Wharf were carried away.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineWanganui was isolated by road. Extensive slips occurred.

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communications were disrupted.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu
Map Location: -40.009345 175.171274
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe railway line at Wangaehu was under water.

Affected LifelineThe road bridge at Wangaehu was blocked.

ImpactFlood waters from the Whangaehu River flowed through the Whangaehu Hotel, leaving it isolated.

Physical CharacteristicThe Whangaehu River rose almost 2 m in half an hour.

FloodingFlooding at Whangaehu River
Map Location: -39.845139 175.319738
Comments:

ImpactThe Whangaehu River overflowed its banks, and most of the land in the valley was submerged.

Stock DamageThere were severe stock losses. Hundreds of sheep and cattle were drowned.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Woodville
Map Location: -40.342202 175.873222
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWoodville recorded 2.50 in (6.4 cm) of rain on the 1st.

Wellington

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Wellington
Comments:

Property DamageConsiderable damage was done to property in Wellington and the suburbs.

Damage CostDamage to county roads totalled £11,780 ($1,190,200 2008 dollars).

Affected LifelineConsiderable damage was done at the Kaiwarra railway line.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentSevere southerly gales were experienced in Wellington on the 2nd.

Property DamageThe winds damaged gardens, fences, wireless poles and houses.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain
Comments:

CommentThe gales were accompained by heavy rain. The Wairarapa district was deluged with rain.

ImpactRain invaded some Wellington homes.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe Hutt River rose rapidly.

ImpactAll Wairarapa rivers overflowed, and large areas of low-lying land were inundated.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

CommentNumerous slips occurred.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Akatarawa Saddle
Map Location: -40.949261 175.108639
Comments:

Affected LifelineAkatarawa Road was blocked to traffic.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Castlepoint
Map Location: -40.89976 176.221927
Comments:

Property DamageAt Castlepoint, the sea washed away sand hills and invaded houses 100 m inland.

LandslideLandslide at Happy Valley
Map Location: -41.331164 174.758199
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Brooklyn and Happy Valley and the road between Happy Valley and Island Bay were blocked by slips.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Island Bay
Map Location: -41.339121 174.767971
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Ohiro Bay and Island Bay was blocked.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Mangaroa
Map Location: -41.116792 175.109206
Comments:

Stock DamageAt Mangaroa, a horse was electrocuted by fallen lines.

FloodingFlooding at Martinborough
Map Location: -41.2171 175.436864
Comments:

Affected LifelineMartinborough was cut off by the Ruamahanga River.

CommentThe Ruamahanga and Huangaroa Riveres were in high flood.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Masterton
Map Location: -40.964296 175.667649
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicMasterton recorded over 4 in (10.2 cm) of rain in the 22 hours from 8pm on the 1st to 6pm on the 2nd.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentAll rivers were overflowing around Masterton.

ImpactThe Waipoua River broke its banks at Masterton, and flooded two or three shops. Water flowed through Masterton Park.

Affected LifelineA few streets were flooded and water flowed over the main highway for a time.

ImpactLarge areas of low-lying land were submerged.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CasualtiesA 16-year-old boy died when cutting down a storm-damaged tree, which struck him on the head.

Affected LifelineTelephone and telegraph communication north of Masterton was lost.

FloodingFlooding at Matarawa
Map Location: -41.049961 175.439053
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was a washout at Matarawa.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Ngauranga
Map Location: -41.242025 174.814889
Comments:

DamageThe coastal steamer John, anchored in stream, dragged her moorings and ran aground at Ngauranga.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Porirua
Map Location: -41.141089 174.818671
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Porirua and Paremata was blocked.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Rimutaka Hill
Map Location: -41.119029 175.230172
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Rimutaka Hill road was blocked to traffic by a slip.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Rongotai
Map Location: -41.323854 174.794442
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRongotai Aerodrome recorded gusts of 68 knots (126 km/hr).

FloodingFlooding at Silverstream
Map Location: -41.152687 175.015613
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Main road near Silverstream was under water and impassable.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Tararua Range
Map Location: -40.903116 175.33038
Comments:

CasualtiesTwo people, a 15-year old hunter and a tramper, died of exposure in the Tararua Ranges.

FloodingFlooding at Tinui
Map Location: -40.877878 176.065376
Comments:

ImpactAt Tinui, water from the Whareama River flooded buildings. All houses on the flat were invaded by water, as well as the police station and residence.

Peak Water LevelThe water reached a depth of 50 cm in the hotel, and 1 m deep in some houses.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CasualtiesA youth was killed at Tinui when a branch blew off a large tree.

FloodingFlooding at Waiohine River
Map Location: -41.059875 175.438823
Comments:

ImpactThe Waiohine River overflowed, flooding a large area between Carterton and Greytown.

Affected LifelineRoads were blocked by the flood waters.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wellington City
Map Location: -41.28855 174.776764
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWellington recorded 4.42 in (11.2 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Property DamageThe winds tore down 75 ft (23 m) of the bathing sheds at Te Aro baths.

Maritime / CoastalMaritime / Coastal at Wellington Harbour
Map Location: -41.267785 174.837681
Comments:

Affected LifelineWellington's shipping was mainly affected by the storm.

DamageNumerous small boats were wrecked in Wellington Harbour. The Inter-Island express ferry Rangitira ran aground on Barrett Reef, off the Wellignton Heads, at 6.10am, but made it into port badly damaged.

DamageThe sea wall along Hutt Road was undermined in three or four places.

Marlborough

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentMarlborough was the only area of the South Island to suffer the effects of the cyclonic storm.

DamageHeavy rain and high winds caused minor damage.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

Affected LifelineTelegraph lines suffered damage from the gale.

Crop DamageFields of barley and wheat were badly beaten down. Private and commercial orchards suffered some losses of fruit and damage to trees.

Property DamageOutbuildings on some farms were slightly damaged.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Main South Road was blocked for several hours north of Kaikoura by slips.

FloodingFlooding at Koromiko
Map Location: -41.341482 173.953657
Comments:

Affected LifelineKoromiko Stream overflowed and blocked the road.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Picton
Map Location: -41.295063 174.011495
Comments:

DamageA number of trees were blown down hillsides at Picton.

Crop DamagePractically all the fruit trees with heavy crops had branches snapped off.

Property DamageWoolsheds, fowlhouses and garages were blown over.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust at Riverlands
Map Location: -41.526295 173.983305
Comments:

Property DamageA cow shed at Riverlands was partly demolished.

References

Barnett, M.A.F. (1938). The Cyclonic Storms In Northern New Zealand On The 2nd February And The 26th March, 1936. Meteorological Office Note No.22.
Brenstrum, E. (1997). www.hbrc.govt.nz. Hawkes Bay Regional Council.
Brenstrum, E. (2000). The cyclone of 1936: the most destructive storm of the twentieth century? Weather and Climate 20, 23-28 p.
Cowie, C.A.; Attwood, A.K. (1957). Floods in New Zealand 1920-1953. The Soil Conservation Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand.
Grayland, E.C. (1978). More New Zealand Disasters.
Headline: At Karangahake.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Cyclonic storm sweeps district.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Roads blocked.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Sheep drowned.
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Thames flooded. (Bottom half of articles missing)
Hauraki Plains Gazette, 3 February 1936.
Johnston, D.D.; Pearse, L.J. (2007). Hazards in Hawke's Bay. Hawke's Bay Regional Council, Napier, New Zealand.
Ministy of Civil Defence. Storms, Tephra June 1997, Volume 16.
New Zealand Meteorological Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
New Zealand's Nature Heritage. Volume 6, Great Storms. Hamlyn House, Auckland.
Saunders, W. (2000). Planning and Resources, Hazard and Emergency Management Section, Wairarapa Division, Wairarapa Storm Events 1880 - 1998. Technical Report No. 00/17.
Shearer, A.R. (1969). Hydrology Annual, No.14, 1966. Published by the Ministry of Works, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand.
Headline: Bell Block damage.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Effects in New Plymouth.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Foundered at sea? Motor launch missing.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc at Kaimiro, Chaos in district.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Hawera damage
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Inglewood hit hard.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Opunake cut off.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Railway blocked, Slips on Ohura line.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Sea of water, Floods in Wairarapa
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: South Taranaki suffers, Tangahoe River rises rapidly.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Taranaki devastation, Damage to many buildings.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Widespread effect, Gale in other places.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Worst for years, Flooding on North Road.
Taranaki Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Cyclonic storm causes widepsread damage.
The Bay of Plenty Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gigantic clash of two great storms.
The Evening Post, April 10 1968.
Headline: Flooded roads, Whangarei's experience.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: North Island whipped by southerly gales.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: Palmerston North hit, Building razed, roofs blown off.
The Evening Post, February 3 1936.
Headline: Carriages derailed.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Harvest of the wind.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Major disaster for fruitgrowers.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Storm causes widespread damage.
The Hawke's Bay Tribune, 3 February 1936.
Headline: North Island storm, Widespread destruction caused.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 4 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc at Rotorua, Old maori church destroyed.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 5 February 1936.
Headline: Barometers touch new low level.
The New Zealand Herald, 20 May (Thursday) 1954.
Headline: Mishap to ship.
The New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Severe cyclonic stom.
The New Zealand Herald, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Havoc north and south.
The New Zealand Herald, 4 February 1936.
Headline: Storm victims.
The New Zealand Herald, 4 February 1936.
Headline: 20 boats smashed at Paihia.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Dairy company suffers
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Hurried evacuation from flooded homes.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Train services at a standstill.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Tremendous deluge causes unprecendented floods in north.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Young man drowned at Kaitaia when bach collapses.
The Northern Advocate, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Seafront wreckage, Damage to small craft.
The Waikato Times 3 February 1936.
Headline: A tangled mass.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Damage at Cambridge, Power lines suffer.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Damage in Manawatu.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Districts isolated, Telephone lines down.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Flooding at Thames.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gale at Te Aroha, Countryside flooded
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Gale at Te Aroha, Six inches of rain.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Ngaruawahia damage.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Storm sweeps Waikato, Cyclone and torrential rain.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The storm, Three lives lost.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The storm, Three lives lost.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: The worst disaster, Blow to fruit industry.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Trail of damage, Whangarei disaster.
The Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Headline: Taranaki stricken, Widespread devastation.
Waikato Times, 3 February 1936.
Weather and Climate. (2000). 20: 23-28. The Cyclone of 1936: The most destructive storm of the twentieth century?