NZ Historic Weather Events Catalogue

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ModerateDecember 1939 Wellington Flooding ( 1939-12-10 )

There was severe flooding in the Hutt Valley. Bridges were damaged or destroyed and roads were flooded. There was minor flooding in Marlborough.

New Zealand

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at New Zealand
Comments:

CauseA deep low was moving eastwards over northern New Zealand. North-east gales blew over Auckland Peninsula and strong to gale southerlies were experienced around Wellington.

DurationFrom the 10th to the 11th of December.

Wellington

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wellington
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain caused flooding in the Hutt Valley and areas of the Wairarapa.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were impassable at Silverstream and Te Marua.

Affected LifelineThe rail way service was stopped between Wellington and Wairarapa due to a series of washouts.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineA power pole went down between Melling and Belmont, blocking the railway line and disconnecting signal lines.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentAccompanying the rain was a very strong gale.

Peak Wind SpeedGusts reached 60 mph (96.6 km/hr).

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactHeavy rain caused many slips on Rimutaka Hill.

FloodingFlooding at Hutt River
Map Location: -41.162848 174.974804
Comments:

CommentHutt River rose all day in the 11th and peaked at 6.30pm.

Physical CharacteristicHutt River rose 14 ft (4.27 m) above normal at the Lower Hutt Bridge and had a discharge of 70,000 cusecs (1982 cumecs).

CommentThe flood was 1.75 ft (53.3 cm) higher at Mabey Road and 3 in (7.6 cm) higher at Hutt Bridge than the 1931 flood.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hutt Valley
Map Location: -41.162848 174.974804
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 2.6 in (6.60 cm) of rain in six hours from 9am to 3pm on the 11th.

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 1.6 in (4.06 cm) of rain in five hours from 3pm to 8pm on the 11th.

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 5 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 13 hours ending 11pm on the 11th.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe greatest flood within living memory swept the Hutt Valley covering hundreds of acres.

ImpactHouses were isolated.

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses.

Affected LifelineFlooding made roads impassable and destroyed and damaged bridges.

ImpactValley was covered with shingle, silt and driftwood.

ImpactManor Golf Park links had large areas of the course covered to a depth of one foot (0.30 m) with shingle, boulders and silt.

CommentDamage in the valley was worse than that caused by the flood in 1931.

Damage CostDamage was estimated to run into many thousands of pounds.

Peak Wind SpeedWind gusts of up to 62 mph (99.8 km/hr) were recorded in the Hutt Valley.

FloodingFlooding at Karori Stream
Map Location: -41.3199 174.68291
Comments:

Peak DischargeKarori Stream had a peak discharge of 630 cusecs (18 cumecs) with a catchment area of 1.25 sq miles (3.2 km^2).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Karori
Map Location: -41.287365 174.736134
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKarori reservoir recorded 6.65 in (16.89 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

EvacueesFour families (approximately 16 people) were evacuated.

ImpactParks were completely covered with water.

ImpactKarori suffered from flooding. There was severe flooding in several parts along the sides of the stream. There were some homes with water up to the window sills.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactThere were numerous slips in and around the residential area.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kelburn
Map Location: -41.290129 174.76188
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKelburn recorded 5 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 13 hours (which has a return period of 130 years).

FloodingFlooding at Lower Hutt
Map Location: -41.216677 174.934068
Comments:

ImpactFlood swept north of Boulcott covering hundreds of acres of farmland.

Affected LifelineThere were road closures.

DamageThere was serious erosion in the Taita Gorge.

FloodingFlooding at Mangaroa
Map Location: -41.116792 175.109206
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe concrete bridge was closed due to scouring around the pillars from Mangaroa Stream and traffic was completely blocked.

Affected LifelineSeveral bridges were destroyed in Mangaroa Valley, and other damage was considerable.

ImpactMany houses were inundated including some houses sitting 10 ft (3.0 m) above the normal water level.

Crop DamageThere were severe losses for farmers. Hay and other crops were ruined.

Stock DamageThe Mangaroa district suffered severely. The sudden rise of the river did extensive damage to farm property and caused severe losses of stock.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Property DamageA house was undermined on Mangaroa Valley Road and was shifted 12 ft (3.66 m) off its foundations by a landslide.

FloodingFlooding at Kaitoke
Map Location: -41.08202 175.14085
Comments:

Affected LifelineMaymorn Bridge had four out of eight spans swept away. The bridge was part of a closed light railway that lead to the Maymorn timberlands.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Orongorongo
Map Location: -41.41613 174.90941
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicOrongorongo recorded 6.45 in (16.38 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Te Marua
Map Location: -41.09148 175.12653
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main road from Wellington to Wairarapa was closed due to the collapse of the Te Marua bridge over the Mangaroa River. The new two lane concrete bridge on Wairarapa Road, at the foot of Mangaroa Hill in Te Marua subsided in the centre.

FloodingFlooding at Upper Hutt
Map Location: -41.139372 175.055716
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe suspension bridge at Maoribank, which is usually 20 ft (6.1 m) clear, flooded.

Affected LifelineThe main highway was impassable at Silverstream.

ImpactThe entire flat between the hills forming the valley was one vast sheet of turbulent water.

ImpactWater was 4 ft deep in the neighboorhood of Silverstream.

Affected LifelineMoonshine Road was impassible.

EvacueesAll houses running parallel to river by Moonshine Bridge had to be evacuated.

ImpactWhakatiki Links at Upper Hutt suffered severely. Hutt Links, the Wellington Clubs Links at Heretaunga was flooded.

Affected LifelineDeep Creek and Flux Road bridges were washed away.

DamageCooleys Creek changed its course and washed away 15 chains (302 m) of fence.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wainui Reservoir
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWainui Reservoir recorded 10.19 in (25.88 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Wainuiomata Stream
Map Location: -41.27295 174.96196
Comments:

Peak DischargeWainuiomata Stream had a peak discharge of 2400 cusecs (68 cumecs) with a catchment area of 12.8 sq miles (33.2 km^2).

FloodingFlooding at Wairarapa
Map Location: -41.207855 175.248076
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads and bridges suffered from slips and floods.

Affected LifelineThe main road to Wairarapa was closed.

Affected LifelineThere was water over the road at Waiohine Bridge between Greytown and Carterton.

Affected LifelineNear Makara roads were severely damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Wellington City
Map Location: -41.28855 174.776764
Comments:

DamageThere was much damage to Wellington city by slips and flooding.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageGardens suffered from high winds.

Marlborough

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentOn the 10th there was heavy rain and a strong south-easterly wind throughout the province. This storm went on to produce the severe flood in the Hutt River.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentStreams and creeks were in moderate flood.

Affected LifelineThe highway between Picton and Blenheim was blocked at Para Quarry by floodwaters.

Affected LifelineFloodwaters blocked the Picton-Grove highway.

Damage CostDamage to roads in Malborough county was £6060 ($510,000 2009 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Blenheim
Map Location: -41.517124 173.949021
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicBlenheim recorded 0.38 in (0.97 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Wairau River
Map Location: -41.484059 173.79526
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWairau River rose 4 ft (1.22 m) above normal.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ward
Map Location: -41.826945 174.143136
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWard recorded 1.82 in (4.62 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

References

Cowie, C.A.: Attwood, A.K. (1957) Floods in New Zealand 1920-53, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand, p.239.
Hydrology Annual No.3 1955, Soil Conservation and River Control Council
NZ Met Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
Headline: Extensive Flooding.
The Evening Post, December 12 1939.
Headline: Hutt Valley Flood.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 12 December 1939.
Headline: Damage in Hutt Valley.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 13 December 1939.

ModerateDecember 1939 Wellington Flooding ( 1939-12-10 )

There was severe flooding in the Hutt Valley. Bridges were damaged or destroyed and roads were flooded. There was minor flooding in Marlborough.

New Zealand

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at New Zealand
Comments:

CauseA deep low was moving eastwards over northern New Zealand. North-east gales blew over Auckland Peninsula and strong to gale southerlies were experienced around Wellington.

DurationFrom the 10th to the 11th of December.

Wellington

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wellington
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain caused flooding in the Hutt Valley and areas of the Wairarapa.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads were impassable at Silverstream and Te Marua.

Affected LifelineThe rail way service was stopped between Wellington and Wairarapa due to a series of washouts.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

Affected LifelineA power pole went down between Melling and Belmont, blocking the railway line and disconnecting signal lines.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

CommentAccompanying the rain was a very strong gale.

Peak Wind SpeedGusts reached 60 mph (96.6 km/hr).

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactHeavy rain caused many slips on Rimutaka Hill.

FloodingFlooding at Hutt River
Map Location: -41.162848 174.974804
Comments:

CommentHutt River rose all day in the 11th and peaked at 6.30pm.

Physical CharacteristicHutt River rose 14 ft (4.27 m) above normal at the Lower Hutt Bridge and had a discharge of 70,000 cusecs (1982 cumecs).

CommentThe flood was 1.75 ft (53.3 cm) higher at Mabey Road and 3 in (7.6 cm) higher at Hutt Bridge than the 1931 flood.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Hutt Valley
Map Location: -41.162848 174.974804
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 2.6 in (6.60 cm) of rain in six hours from 9am to 3pm on the 11th.

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 1.6 in (4.06 cm) of rain in five hours from 3pm to 8pm on the 11th.

Physical CharacteristicHutt Valley recorded 5 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 13 hours ending 11pm on the 11th.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

ImpactThe greatest flood within living memory swept the Hutt Valley covering hundreds of acres.

ImpactHouses were isolated.

Stock DamageThere were large stock losses.

Affected LifelineFlooding made roads impassable and destroyed and damaged bridges.

ImpactValley was covered with shingle, silt and driftwood.

ImpactManor Golf Park links had large areas of the course covered to a depth of one foot (0.30 m) with shingle, boulders and silt.

CommentDamage in the valley was worse than that caused by the flood in 1931.

Damage CostDamage was estimated to run into many thousands of pounds.

Peak Wind SpeedWind gusts of up to 62 mph (99.8 km/hr) were recorded in the Hutt Valley.

FloodingFlooding at Karori Stream
Map Location: -41.3199 174.68291
Comments:

Peak DischargeKarori Stream had a peak discharge of 630 cusecs (18 cumecs) with a catchment area of 1.25 sq miles (3.2 km^2).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Karori
Map Location: -41.287365 174.736134
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKarori reservoir recorded 6.65 in (16.89 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

EvacueesFour families (approximately 16 people) were evacuated.

ImpactParks were completely covered with water.

ImpactKarori suffered from flooding. There was severe flooding in several parts along the sides of the stream. There were some homes with water up to the window sills.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactThere were numerous slips in and around the residential area.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Kelburn
Map Location: -41.290129 174.76188
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicKelburn recorded 5 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 13 hours (which has a return period of 130 years).

FloodingFlooding at Lower Hutt
Map Location: -41.216677 174.934068
Comments:

ImpactFlood swept north of Boulcott covering hundreds of acres of farmland.

Affected LifelineThere were road closures.

DamageThere was serious erosion in the Taita Gorge.

FloodingFlooding at Mangaroa
Map Location: -41.116792 175.109206
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe concrete bridge was closed due to scouring around the pillars from Mangaroa Stream and traffic was completely blocked.

Affected LifelineSeveral bridges were destroyed in Mangaroa Valley, and other damage was considerable.

ImpactMany houses were inundated including some houses sitting 10 ft (3.0 m) above the normal water level.

Crop DamageThere were severe losses for farmers. Hay and other crops were ruined.

Stock DamageThe Mangaroa district suffered severely. The sudden rise of the river did extensive damage to farm property and caused severe losses of stock.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

Property DamageA house was undermined on Mangaroa Valley Road and was shifted 12 ft (3.66 m) off its foundations by a landslide.

FloodingFlooding at Kaitoke
Map Location: -41.08202 175.14085
Comments:

Affected LifelineMaymorn Bridge had four out of eight spans swept away. The bridge was part of a closed light railway that lead to the Maymorn timberlands.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Orongorongo
Map Location: -41.41613 174.90941
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicOrongorongo recorded 6.45 in (16.38 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Te Marua
Map Location: -41.09148 175.12653
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe main road from Wellington to Wairarapa was closed due to the collapse of the Te Marua bridge over the Mangaroa River. The new two lane concrete bridge on Wairarapa Road, at the foot of Mangaroa Hill in Te Marua subsided in the centre.

FloodingFlooding at Upper Hutt
Map Location: -41.139372 175.055716
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe suspension bridge at Maoribank, which is usually 20 ft (6.1 m) clear, flooded.

Affected LifelineThe main highway was impassable at Silverstream.

ImpactThe entire flat between the hills forming the valley was one vast sheet of turbulent water.

ImpactWater was 4 ft deep in the neighboorhood of Silverstream.

Affected LifelineMoonshine Road was impassible.

EvacueesAll houses running parallel to river by Moonshine Bridge had to be evacuated.

ImpactWhakatiki Links at Upper Hutt suffered severely. Hutt Links, the Wellington Clubs Links at Heretaunga was flooded.

Affected LifelineDeep Creek and Flux Road bridges were washed away.

DamageCooleys Creek changed its course and washed away 15 chains (302 m) of fence.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Wainui Reservoir
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWainui Reservoir recorded 10.19 in (25.88 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Wainuiomata Stream
Map Location: -41.27295 174.96196
Comments:

Peak DischargeWainuiomata Stream had a peak discharge of 2400 cusecs (68 cumecs) with a catchment area of 12.8 sq miles (33.2 km^2).

FloodingFlooding at Wairarapa
Map Location: -41.207855 175.248076
Comments:

Affected LifelineRoads and bridges suffered from slips and floods.

Affected LifelineThe main road to Wairarapa was closed.

Affected LifelineThere was water over the road at Waiohine Bridge between Greytown and Carterton.

Affected LifelineNear Makara roads were severely damaged.

FloodingFlooding at Wellington City
Map Location: -41.28855 174.776764
Comments:

DamageThere was much damage to Wellington city by slips and flooding.

High Wind GustsHigh Wind / Gust
Comments:

DamageGardens suffered from high winds.

Marlborough

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentOn the 10th there was heavy rain and a strong south-easterly wind throughout the province. This storm went on to produce the severe flood in the Hutt River.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentStreams and creeks were in moderate flood.

Affected LifelineThe highway between Picton and Blenheim was blocked at Para Quarry by floodwaters.

Affected LifelineFloodwaters blocked the Picton-Grove highway.

Damage CostDamage to roads in Malborough county was £6060 ($510,000 2009 dollars).

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Blenheim
Map Location: -41.517124 173.949021
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicBlenheim recorded 0.38 in (0.97 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Wairau River
Map Location: -41.484059 173.79526
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWairau River rose 4 ft (1.22 m) above normal.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Ward
Map Location: -41.826945 174.143136
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicWard recorded 1.82 in (4.62 cm) of rain in 24 hours.

References

Cowie, C.A.: Attwood, A.K. (1957) Floods in New Zealand 1920-53, The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand, p.239.
Hydrology Annual No.3 1955, Soil Conservation and River Control Council
NZ Met Service. (2008). Meteorology of Extreme Rainfalls in New Zealand (Mark Pascoe, Ed.).
Headline: Extensive Flooding.
The Evening Post, December 12 1939.
Headline: Hutt Valley Flood.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 12 December 1939.
Headline: Damage in Hutt Valley.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 13 December 1939.