NZ Historic Weather Events Catalogue

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ModerateFebruary 1940 South Island Flooding 1 ( 1940-02-13 )

Record rainfalls caused flooding in Invercargill and its surrounds and there was also flooding in Marlborough.

South Island

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at South Island
Duration:   3  days - From the 13th till the 15th of February.
Comments:

Marlborough

FloodingFlooding at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentThere was flooding in the Canvastown and Rai Valey districts on the 13th.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Blenheim
Map Location: -41.517124 173.949021
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicBlenheim received 1.00 in (2.5 cm) of rain in 48 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Canvastown
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater blocked the Blenheim-Nelson highway at Canvastown.

Physical CharacteristicThe water was 3 ft (31 cm) deep over the highway.

FloodingFlooding at Opouri Saddle
Map Location: -41.140024 173.731553
Comments:

ImpactSerious flooding occurred in Opouri and much of the valley was underwater.

DamageHeavy damage resulted in Opouri.

Affected LifelineA bridge was washed away.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Rai Valley
Map Location: -41.228278 173.5715
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRai Valley received 4.99 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 36 hours.

Otago

FloodingFlooding at Otago
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Arthurton and Waiwera South was muddy and required care.

Southland

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Southland
Comments:

CommentExtraordinarily heavy rain fell in southern parts of the province. There was little rain up country.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater blocked roads in the districts surrounding Invercargill. There was minor flooding on the highway on the way to Gore.

FloodingFlooding at Awarua
Map Location: -46.501769 168.362876
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThere was about 3 ft (91 cm) of water over the road to Bluff near the Awarua railway station.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Bluff
Map Location: -46.606468 168.332724
Comments:

Affected LifelineStormy conditions prevailed at Bluff on the 13th, preventing any work from being done on the wharves.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Fortrose
Map Location: -46.573445 168.801843
Comments:

CommentA farmer who had lived at Fortrose for more than 50 years said he had ever seen so much rain in such a short time.

FloodingFlooding at Gore
Map Location: -46.095878 168.927462
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Mataura River was 2 ft 6 in (76 cm) above normal at Gore on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Gorge Road
Map Location: -46.472166 168.702394
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater was over the road at Gorge Road on the 14th and 15th.

ImpactThere was water everywhere at Gorge Road.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Invercargill
Map Location: -46.436318 168.35975
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain fell in Invercargill on the 13and 14th. The heaviest falls were between midnight and daybreak on the 14th, preceded by distant claps of thunder. The rain on the 14th was driven by a westerley wind. More steady, but lighter, rain fell on the 15th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 1.51 in (3.8 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 13th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 2.18 in (5.5 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 14th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 3.69 in (9.4 cm cm) of rain in the 48 hours to 9am on the 14th. This was a record 48-hour fall (previous record on 29th and 30th October 1913).

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 4.5 in (11.4 cm) of rain in 3 days.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 12 in (30.5 cm) of rain in 3 weeks - a record for that length of time.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill had received 9.73 in (24.7 cm) of rain for the month of February up to 9am on the 15th. No records could be found approaching this rainfall.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 1.47 in (3.7 cm) of rain in the 9 hours to 6pm on the 13th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 4.46 in (11.3 cm) of rain in the 3 days from the 11th to the 13th - also a record.

Physical CharacteristicThe rainfall intensity was uniform, with a maximum of 0.2 in (0.5 cm) per hour.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe flooding on the 14th was the most serious flooding in the history of Invercargill. The Government weather recorder could not recall flooding of the magnitude of this flood in his long residence there.

CommentAfter a week of almost continuous rain, creeks and streams in and around Invercargill were in heavy flood. Otepuni Creek overflowed its banks on the evening of the 13th and at the other end of town the Waihopai River overflowed at Elles Rd. Duck (Waimatua) Creek was in high flood and Kingswell Creek was also flooded.

Impact20 to 30 houses were invaded in Eye and Tyne Streets and cross streets between Nith St and Elles Rd, and a number of business premises were invaded in Wood, Tyne and Liddle Streets. Houses in Eye St appeared to be the worst affected. The Marist cricket ground plus two houses and the woodwork factory to the south of it were flooded. Water lay on the Queen's Park golf course and lapped at the steps of the Basilica.

CommentThe water entered some of the lowest houses at about daybreak. In some houses the had water reached a considerable depth by the time the inhabitants had woken up. The flood reached its maximum between 6am and 10am on the 14th. The floodwaters had receded considerably on the 15th but there were still several houses in Eye St surrounded by water.

Physical CharacteristicSome lawns were covered in water up to 18 in (46 cm) deep on the evening of the 13th.

ImpactMany families were marooned in the flooded homes.

DamageSevere damage was done to business premises and houses in Invercargill. Gardens were ruined and carpets, furniture and wallpaper were damaged. A lot of silt was deposited in houses.

DamageMuch stock in shops was either damaged or destroyed by the water. The woodwork factories adjoining Tyne St suffered hundreds of pounds of damage when floodwaters spoiled much of the timber. At Fleming and Co.'s flour mill 1500 to 2000 sacks of wheat were damaged, some oatmeal was lost and the machinery was slightly damaged. The wool store of J. G. Ward and Co., Ltd. suffered a serious loss. Floors in the businesses were left with a thin coating of silt.

Affected LifelineTraffic was held up in five or six streets. Water blocked the streets for a distance of up to 8 chains (160 m). Floodwaters practically cut off the southern part of Invercargill. In Islington St two large concrete slabs rose to the surface and spilled water over the ground. Floodwaters still covered some roads on the 15th.

ImpactThere were one or two minor vehicle collisions and some motorists became stuck in floodwaters.

EvacueesAt least two families were evacuated from their homes by canoe and others were taken by lorry.

Physical CharacteristicSome shops had a depth of 3 ft (91 cm) of water inside.

Peak Water LevelWater was over 1 ft (31 cm) deep in some houses, while a few houses in Eye St had over 4 ft (1.2 m) of water over their floors.

Physical CharacteristicFloodwaters covered the new Marist Cricket ground in a sheet up to 3 ft (91 cm) deep.

Affected LifelineThe arches of the small bridges across Elles Rd and Ness, Conon, Nith, Clyde and Liddel Sts could not withstand the flood. The Kingswell Creek bridge on the road to Bluff was damaged and impassable on the 15th. The McMillan St bridge over Kingswell Creek was also damaged and was closed until further notice. The approaches to Duck Creek bridge were washed out and the bridge was closed to traffic on the morning of the 15th.

ImpactWater spread out over most of the No. 2 public gardens.

Affected LifelineTrains had to travel through almost 1 mile (1.6 km) of water on the morning of the 14th. The water was quite deep at the level crossings.

ImpactThe trains created large waves which washed agains the walls of factories and houses along the railway line.

ImpactMany children were unable to get to school on the 25th. The Southland Girls' High School was marooned and closed until the 19th and St. Catherine's Convent in Eye St was completely surrounded and had to close on the 14th and 15th.

Peak Water LevelIn parts of the St. Catherine's Convent school grounds the water reached a depth of 6 or 7 ft (1.8 or 2.1 m).

Physical CharacteristicThere was 2 ft (61cm) of water over the road to Bluff at Duck (Waimatua) Creek.

Affected LifelineThe Georgetown and South invercagill trams were stopped on either side of the flooded part of Conon St for most of the day on the 14th.

DamageThe Southland Bowling Club's green was damaged by the flood and would be closed for some days. The water inside the club had reached almost to the window sills.

ImpactAll day on the 14th the water was flowing through the Liddell St bridge at full capacity, but even so it banked up right back and overflowed into sheds, storehouses and cellars.

Damage CostThe damage suffered by businesses in Wood St, between Nith St and Liddell St, was estimated at between £10,000 and £15,000 ($837,800 2008 dollars). In Arthur Ellis and Co. Ltd's shop in Wood St, the damage to stock was estimated at £1000 ($83,800). Another had a loss estimated at £300 ($25,100 2008 dollars).

Stock DamageIn some of the low-lying areas near Otepuni Creek, fowl houses were under water and the hens were drowned.

DamageThe public gardens were inundated with floodwater for four blocks. Some flower beds were washed away.

CommentThe deposit of silt left in the Gardens was not as heavy as had been seen in previous minor floods, due to exceptionally high tides not beiong a factor in this flood.

Peak River FlowOtepuni Creek had a peak discharge of 737 cusecs (21 cumecs).

Peak River FlowDuck Creek had a peak discharge of 1,088 cusecs (31 cumecs).

Peak River FlowDuck Creek had a peak discharge of 1540 cusecs (44 cumecs).

Peak River FlowWaikiwi Stream had a peak discharge of 1867 cusecs (53 cumecs).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentThe weather was cold and stormy on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Kennington
Map Location: -46.394023 168.454367
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was water over the Dunedin-Invercargill highway at Kennington.

FloodingFlooding at Mataura River
Map Location: -46.478934 168.740351
Comments:

CommentThe Mataura River was rising on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Mokotua
Map Location: -46.44974 168.569834
Comments:

Affected LifelineA bridge was reported to have been washed out at Mokotua.

FloodingFlooding at Otara
Map Location: -46.632588 168.883771
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThere was 2 ft (61 cm) of water over the Otara Road.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Tuatapere
Map Location: -46.128234 167.689914
Comments:

CommentA fair amount of rain fell in the Tuatapere district.

FloodingFlooding at Waikawa Valley
Map Location: -46.52251 169.12072
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Waikawa Valley Road was impassable on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Waimahaka
Map Location: -46.517177 168.802731
Comments:

Affected LifelineTrains could not proceed past a slight washout on the Seaward Bush railway line between Titiroa and Waimahaka.

Affected LifelineThe road at Waimahaka was blocked by water backing up near the railway station. The Waimahaka-Pine Bush road was impassable.

Physical CharacteristicWater near the railway station was up to about 6 ft (1.8 m) deep.

FloodingFlooding at Waimatua
Map Location: -46.452335 168.459478
Comments:

Affected LifelineFloodwaters at Waimatua and Timpanys flat held up traffic on the Tokanui Road.

Affected LifelineA bridge was reported to have been washed out at Waimatua.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Winton
Map Location: -46.142743 168.330466
Comments:

CommentThere were several heavy falls of rain at Winton during the day on the 14th.

References

Cowie, C.A.: Attwood, A.K. (1957). Floods in New Zealand 1920-53. The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand, p.239.
Headline: Creek overflows: Floods in Invercargill.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Record rainfall.
The Southland Daily News, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Serious flooding in city.
The Southland Daily News, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Flood waters subside.
The Southland Daily News, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Relief of distress.
The Southland Daily News, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Heavy rain in city.
The Southland Times, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Forlorn public gardens.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: In the country.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: New records for rainfall.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Serious flood damage in city.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Serious loss of wool.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Traffic held up.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Aftermath of flood.
The Southland Times, 16 February 1940.
Headline: Flood waters subside.
The Southland Times, 17 February 1940.

ModerateFebruary 1940 South Island Flooding 1 ( 1940-02-13 )

Record rainfalls caused flooding in Invercargill and its surrounds and there was also flooding in Marlborough.

South Island

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at South Island
Duration:   3  days - From the 13th till the 15th of February.
Comments:

Marlborough

FloodingFlooding at Marlborough
Comments:

CommentThere was flooding in the Canvastown and Rai Valey districts on the 13th.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Blenheim
Map Location: -41.517124 173.949021
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicBlenheim received 1.00 in (2.5 cm) of rain in 48 hours.

FloodingFlooding at Canvastown
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater blocked the Blenheim-Nelson highway at Canvastown.

Physical CharacteristicThe water was 3 ft (31 cm) deep over the highway.

FloodingFlooding at Opouri Saddle
Map Location: -41.140024 173.731553
Comments:

ImpactSerious flooding occurred in Opouri and much of the valley was underwater.

DamageHeavy damage resulted in Opouri.

Affected LifelineA bridge was washed away.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Rai Valley
Map Location: -41.228278 173.5715
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicRai Valley received 4.99 in (12.7 cm) of rain in 36 hours.

Otago

FloodingFlooding at Otago
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe road between Arthurton and Waiwera South was muddy and required care.

Southland

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Southland
Comments:

CommentExtraordinarily heavy rain fell in southern parts of the province. There was little rain up country.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater blocked roads in the districts surrounding Invercargill. There was minor flooding on the highway on the way to Gore.

FloodingFlooding at Awarua
Map Location: -46.501769 168.362876
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThere was about 3 ft (91 cm) of water over the road to Bluff near the Awarua railway station.

Multi HazardMulti Hazard at Bluff
Map Location: -46.606468 168.332724
Comments:

Affected LifelineStormy conditions prevailed at Bluff on the 13th, preventing any work from being done on the wharves.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Fortrose
Map Location: -46.573445 168.801843
Comments:

CommentA farmer who had lived at Fortrose for more than 50 years said he had ever seen so much rain in such a short time.

FloodingFlooding at Gore
Map Location: -46.095878 168.927462
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThe Mataura River was 2 ft 6 in (76 cm) above normal at Gore on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Gorge Road
Map Location: -46.472166 168.702394
Comments:

Affected LifelineWater was over the road at Gorge Road on the 14th and 15th.

ImpactThere was water everywhere at Gorge Road.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Invercargill
Map Location: -46.436318 168.35975
Comments:

CommentHeavy rain fell in Invercargill on the 13and 14th. The heaviest falls were between midnight and daybreak on the 14th, preceded by distant claps of thunder. The rain on the 14th was driven by a westerley wind. More steady, but lighter, rain fell on the 15th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 1.51 in (3.8 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 13th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 2.18 in (5.5 cm) of rain in the 24 hours to 9am on the 14th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 3.69 in (9.4 cm cm) of rain in the 48 hours to 9am on the 14th. This was a record 48-hour fall (previous record on 29th and 30th October 1913).

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 4.5 in (11.4 cm) of rain in 3 days.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 12 in (30.5 cm) of rain in 3 weeks - a record for that length of time.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill had received 9.73 in (24.7 cm) of rain for the month of February up to 9am on the 15th. No records could be found approaching this rainfall.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 1.47 in (3.7 cm) of rain in the 9 hours to 6pm on the 13th.

Physical CharacteristicInvercargill received 4.46 in (11.3 cm) of rain in the 3 days from the 11th to the 13th - also a record.

Physical CharacteristicThe rainfall intensity was uniform, with a maximum of 0.2 in (0.5 cm) per hour.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe flooding on the 14th was the most serious flooding in the history of Invercargill. The Government weather recorder could not recall flooding of the magnitude of this flood in his long residence there.

CommentAfter a week of almost continuous rain, creeks and streams in and around Invercargill were in heavy flood. Otepuni Creek overflowed its banks on the evening of the 13th and at the other end of town the Waihopai River overflowed at Elles Rd. Duck (Waimatua) Creek was in high flood and Kingswell Creek was also flooded.

Impact20 to 30 houses were invaded in Eye and Tyne Streets and cross streets between Nith St and Elles Rd, and a number of business premises were invaded in Wood, Tyne and Liddle Streets. Houses in Eye St appeared to be the worst affected. The Marist cricket ground plus two houses and the woodwork factory to the south of it were flooded. Water lay on the Queen's Park golf course and lapped at the steps of the Basilica.

CommentThe water entered some of the lowest houses at about daybreak. In some houses the had water reached a considerable depth by the time the inhabitants had woken up. The flood reached its maximum between 6am and 10am on the 14th. The floodwaters had receded considerably on the 15th but there were still several houses in Eye St surrounded by water.

Physical CharacteristicSome lawns were covered in water up to 18 in (46 cm) deep on the evening of the 13th.

ImpactMany families were marooned in the flooded homes.

DamageSevere damage was done to business premises and houses in Invercargill. Gardens were ruined and carpets, furniture and wallpaper were damaged. A lot of silt was deposited in houses.

DamageMuch stock in shops was either damaged or destroyed by the water. The woodwork factories adjoining Tyne St suffered hundreds of pounds of damage when floodwaters spoiled much of the timber. At Fleming and Co.'s flour mill 1500 to 2000 sacks of wheat were damaged, some oatmeal was lost and the machinery was slightly damaged. The wool store of J. G. Ward and Co., Ltd. suffered a serious loss. Floors in the businesses were left with a thin coating of silt.

Affected LifelineTraffic was held up in five or six streets. Water blocked the streets for a distance of up to 8 chains (160 m). Floodwaters practically cut off the southern part of Invercargill. In Islington St two large concrete slabs rose to the surface and spilled water over the ground. Floodwaters still covered some roads on the 15th.

ImpactThere were one or two minor vehicle collisions and some motorists became stuck in floodwaters.

EvacueesAt least two families were evacuated from their homes by canoe and others were taken by lorry.

Physical CharacteristicSome shops had a depth of 3 ft (91 cm) of water inside.

Peak Water LevelWater was over 1 ft (31 cm) deep in some houses, while a few houses in Eye St had over 4 ft (1.2 m) of water over their floors.

Physical CharacteristicFloodwaters covered the new Marist Cricket ground in a sheet up to 3 ft (91 cm) deep.

Affected LifelineThe arches of the small bridges across Elles Rd and Ness, Conon, Nith, Clyde and Liddel Sts could not withstand the flood. The Kingswell Creek bridge on the road to Bluff was damaged and impassable on the 15th. The McMillan St bridge over Kingswell Creek was also damaged and was closed until further notice. The approaches to Duck Creek bridge were washed out and the bridge was closed to traffic on the morning of the 15th.

ImpactWater spread out over most of the No. 2 public gardens.

Affected LifelineTrains had to travel through almost 1 mile (1.6 km) of water on the morning of the 14th. The water was quite deep at the level crossings.

ImpactThe trains created large waves which washed agains the walls of factories and houses along the railway line.

ImpactMany children were unable to get to school on the 25th. The Southland Girls' High School was marooned and closed until the 19th and St. Catherine's Convent in Eye St was completely surrounded and had to close on the 14th and 15th.

Peak Water LevelIn parts of the St. Catherine's Convent school grounds the water reached a depth of 6 or 7 ft (1.8 or 2.1 m).

Physical CharacteristicThere was 2 ft (61cm) of water over the road to Bluff at Duck (Waimatua) Creek.

Affected LifelineThe Georgetown and South invercagill trams were stopped on either side of the flooded part of Conon St for most of the day on the 14th.

DamageThe Southland Bowling Club's green was damaged by the flood and would be closed for some days. The water inside the club had reached almost to the window sills.

ImpactAll day on the 14th the water was flowing through the Liddell St bridge at full capacity, but even so it banked up right back and overflowed into sheds, storehouses and cellars.

Damage CostThe damage suffered by businesses in Wood St, between Nith St and Liddell St, was estimated at between £10,000 and £15,000 ($837,800 2008 dollars). In Arthur Ellis and Co. Ltd's shop in Wood St, the damage to stock was estimated at £1000 ($83,800). Another had a loss estimated at £300 ($25,100 2008 dollars).

Stock DamageIn some of the low-lying areas near Otepuni Creek, fowl houses were under water and the hens were drowned.

DamageThe public gardens were inundated with floodwater for four blocks. Some flower beds were washed away.

CommentThe deposit of silt left in the Gardens was not as heavy as had been seen in previous minor floods, due to exceptionally high tides not beiong a factor in this flood.

Peak River FlowOtepuni Creek had a peak discharge of 737 cusecs (21 cumecs).

Peak River FlowDuck Creek had a peak discharge of 1,088 cusecs (31 cumecs).

Peak River FlowDuck Creek had a peak discharge of 1540 cusecs (44 cumecs).

Peak River FlowWaikiwi Stream had a peak discharge of 1867 cusecs (53 cumecs).

Multi HazardMulti Hazard
Comments:

CommentThe weather was cold and stormy on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Kennington
Map Location: -46.394023 168.454367
Comments:

Affected LifelineThere was water over the Dunedin-Invercargill highway at Kennington.

FloodingFlooding at Mataura River
Map Location: -46.478934 168.740351
Comments:

CommentThe Mataura River was rising on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Mokotua
Map Location: -46.44974 168.569834
Comments:

Affected LifelineA bridge was reported to have been washed out at Mokotua.

FloodingFlooding at Otara
Map Location: -46.632588 168.883771
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicThere was 2 ft (61 cm) of water over the Otara Road.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Tuatapere
Map Location: -46.128234 167.689914
Comments:

CommentA fair amount of rain fell in the Tuatapere district.

FloodingFlooding at Waikawa Valley
Map Location: -46.52251 169.12072
Comments:

Affected LifelineThe Waikawa Valley Road was impassable on the 14th.

FloodingFlooding at Waimahaka
Map Location: -46.517177 168.802731
Comments:

Affected LifelineTrains could not proceed past a slight washout on the Seaward Bush railway line between Titiroa and Waimahaka.

Affected LifelineThe road at Waimahaka was blocked by water backing up near the railway station. The Waimahaka-Pine Bush road was impassable.

Physical CharacteristicWater near the railway station was up to about 6 ft (1.8 m) deep.

FloodingFlooding at Waimatua
Map Location: -46.452335 168.459478
Comments:

Affected LifelineFloodwaters at Waimatua and Timpanys flat held up traffic on the Tokanui Road.

Affected LifelineA bridge was reported to have been washed out at Waimatua.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Winton
Map Location: -46.142743 168.330466
Comments:

CommentThere were several heavy falls of rain at Winton during the day on the 14th.

References

Cowie, C.A.: Attwood, A.K. (1957). Floods in New Zealand 1920-53. The Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council, Wellington, New Zealand, p.239.
Headline: Creek overflows: Floods in Invercargill.
The Nelson Evening Mail, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Record rainfall.
The Southland Daily News, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Serious flooding in city.
The Southland Daily News, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Flood waters subside.
The Southland Daily News, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Relief of distress.
The Southland Daily News, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Heavy rain in city.
The Southland Times, 14 February 1940.
Headline: Forlorn public gardens.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: In the country.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: New records for rainfall.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Serious flood damage in city.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Serious loss of wool.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Traffic held up.
The Southland Times, 15 February 1940.
Headline: Aftermath of flood.
The Southland Times, 16 February 1940.
Headline: Flood waters subside.
The Southland Times, 17 February 1940.