NZ Historic Weather Events Catalogue

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December 1911 Otago Flooding ( 1911-12-24 )

A cloudburst broke over the area just north of Dunedin creating heavy flooding and localised damage.

Otago

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dunedin
Map Location: -45.87911 170.502707
Comments:

CommentCloudburst occurred on the 24th over the hills of North East Valley and Woodhaugh in Dunedin.

Physical CharacteristicAt the locality under cloudburst it was estimated that over 5 in (12.7cm) of rain fell in an hour.

AreaThe cloudburst broke over an area of about 2 miles sq (5.2km^2), extending from Mount Cargill at one end to a point about a mile and a half to the south overlooking the Leith Valley.

LightningLightning
Comments:

CommentA thunderstorm accompanied the very heavy rain which continued some time over the north end of Dunedin.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentIn the valley below Mount Cargill there was a thunderous roar. In less than five minutes huge bodies of water came rushing down sweeping everything before them. It was divided into two streams with one coming down Woodhaugh Valley into Leith and the other down Lindsay's Creek.

ImpactWater from Lindsay's Creek and from the opposite hillsides spread from head to foot over North East Valley.

Physical CharacteristicWithin a few minutes water was pouring over footways, into gardens then into houses. It was rushing in at the back and the front and through windows and in many cases banking up inside to a height of 3-4 ft (0.91-1.22m).

Physical CharacteristicLindsay's Creek overflowed its bank and had a discharge of 1000 cusecs (28 cumecs).

CommentPine Hill Creek was in heavy flood.

Physical CharacteristicWater of Leith was in high flood was running many feet over its banks. It had a flood discharge at George Street estimated at 3000 cusecs (85 cumecs).

CommentIt was the biggest flood on the Leith known for at least 25 years.

CommentThe combined floodwaters from the Leiths tributaries were tearing down through North East Valley and Woodhaugh.

Physical CharacteristicThe flood level of the Water of Leith was ten feet (3m) or more above normal level. The waters reached within a foot or two of the cross beams of the lower bridges.

CommentThe flood attained its maximum height at approximately 4pm but then subsided rapidly.

ImpactThe North East Valley and Woodhaugh suffered severely with houses inundated and gardens laid to waste.

Affected LifelineFlooding at the Gardens was so extensive that trams were unable to get through.

DamageExtensive damage was done to dwellings, gardens, bridges, pavements and street channels.

CommentThe flood was unique in its suddenness and violence.

DamageThere was very heavy damage sustained to both public and private property.

Damage CostIt was estimated that the repair works would cost £1000 ($148,800 2009 dollars).

DamageHuge trees were uprooted from hillsides, the ground in the track of the flood was torn and potatoes were uprooted.

Stock DamageFowls were destroyed by the hundreds and many dogs and cats drowned.

ImpactAt Bishopsgrove a rivulet turned into raging river 100 yards (91m) wide and several feet deep.

ImpactImmense boulders were swept along with logs, fences, branches and walls of sheds. One boulder which was carried down measured over one yard square.

Affected LifelineTelegraph poles were snapped off.

Physical CharacteristicJust below Woodhaugh Paper Mills the water was blocked with debris. Water surged into neighbours houses to over 4 ft (1.22m).

Affected LifelineWoodhaugh bridge was submerged and a small bridge spanning Proctor's Creek was washed away.

Affected LifelineRoads were scoured out for distance of 7 to 8 chains (140-160m).

ImpactThree or four settlers were almost isolated.

Physical CharacteristicThe main North East Valley road was one unbroken sheet of water and was 3-5 ft (0.91-1.52m) deep in some places.

CommentThe havoc was complete in less than half an hour.

ImpactWater that rushed down hillsides along the main road from the direction of Normanby swept into hundreds of houses at the back and front leaving the occupants knee-deep.

ImpactWater swept iron tanks from stands for several yards and large iron pipes out of their setting.

ImpactSilt and slime of 1-3 ft (0.3-0.91m) was left in shops, houses and gardens once flood waters receded.

ImpactBelow George Street The Leith deposited water and debris in a garden and pavement which was 12-15 ft (3.7-4.6m) above its normal level.

Physical CharacteristicAt the Leith Street bridge, water was 10-12 ft (3.0-3.7m) above normal.

ImpactA fishing boat moored at the mouth of The Leith was reported missing.

ImpactWater poured down hillsides in torrential streams, washing out sections, undermining dwellings and leaving gaping holes.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactLeith Valley had serious landslides affecting an area of over two acres

FloodingFlooding at Normanby
Map Location: -45.84226 170.54458
Comments:

ImpactAn immense volume of water from Signal Hill, burst through the rear of Clarke's laundry. There was approximately 3 ft (0.91m) of water inside and a hole had to be knocked in wall so it could escape.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at North East Valley
Map Location: -45.85007 170.53009
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNorth East Valley recorded 1.72 in (4.4cm) of rain in one hour.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe main road and side streets were a rushing river for almost three hours. Carr and Selwyn Street and Main street were inundated with flood waters.

DamageThere was severe damage done to roads and footpaths with some footpaths completely washed away in places.

EvacueesThe flooding was serious enough to do considerable damage and to compel many people to evacuate their dwellings.

Physical CharacteristicPeople had to wade through 3 ft (0.91m) deep flood waters.

References

MacLean, M., McGregor Wilke, J., and Alexander, J.G. (n.d.) Water of Leith and Lindsay's Creek, Dunedin.
Municipality of Dunedin (1912). City of Dunedin (New Zealand), Departmental Reports For the Year 1911-1912 (includes pictures)
Headline: Disasterous Cloud-burst, a dramatic sequel
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911,
Headline: A Trail of Devastation, Exciting Incidents.
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911,
Headline: North-East Valley Rainfall.
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911.
Headline: North-east Valley Flooded
Otago Daily Times, 29 December 1911,

December 1911 Otago Flooding ( 1911-12-24 )

A cloudburst broke over the area just north of Dunedin creating heavy flooding and localised damage.

Otago

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at Dunedin
Map Location: -45.87911 170.502707
Comments:

CommentCloudburst occurred on the 24th over the hills of North East Valley and Woodhaugh in Dunedin.

Physical CharacteristicAt the locality under cloudburst it was estimated that over 5 in (12.7cm) of rain fell in an hour.

AreaThe cloudburst broke over an area of about 2 miles sq (5.2km^2), extending from Mount Cargill at one end to a point about a mile and a half to the south overlooking the Leith Valley.

LightningLightning
Comments:

CommentA thunderstorm accompanied the very heavy rain which continued some time over the north end of Dunedin.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentIn the valley below Mount Cargill there was a thunderous roar. In less than five minutes huge bodies of water came rushing down sweeping everything before them. It was divided into two streams with one coming down Woodhaugh Valley into Leith and the other down Lindsay's Creek.

ImpactWater from Lindsay's Creek and from the opposite hillsides spread from head to foot over North East Valley.

Physical CharacteristicWithin a few minutes water was pouring over footways, into gardens then into houses. It was rushing in at the back and the front and through windows and in many cases banking up inside to a height of 3-4 ft (0.91-1.22m).

Physical CharacteristicLindsay's Creek overflowed its bank and had a discharge of 1000 cusecs (28 cumecs).

CommentPine Hill Creek was in heavy flood.

Physical CharacteristicWater of Leith was in high flood was running many feet over its banks. It had a flood discharge at George Street estimated at 3000 cusecs (85 cumecs).

CommentIt was the biggest flood on the Leith known for at least 25 years.

CommentThe combined floodwaters from the Leiths tributaries were tearing down through North East Valley and Woodhaugh.

Physical CharacteristicThe flood level of the Water of Leith was ten feet (3m) or more above normal level. The waters reached within a foot or two of the cross beams of the lower bridges.

CommentThe flood attained its maximum height at approximately 4pm but then subsided rapidly.

ImpactThe North East Valley and Woodhaugh suffered severely with houses inundated and gardens laid to waste.

Affected LifelineFlooding at the Gardens was so extensive that trams were unable to get through.

DamageExtensive damage was done to dwellings, gardens, bridges, pavements and street channels.

CommentThe flood was unique in its suddenness and violence.

DamageThere was very heavy damage sustained to both public and private property.

Damage CostIt was estimated that the repair works would cost £1000 ($148,800 2009 dollars).

DamageHuge trees were uprooted from hillsides, the ground in the track of the flood was torn and potatoes were uprooted.

Stock DamageFowls were destroyed by the hundreds and many dogs and cats drowned.

ImpactAt Bishopsgrove a rivulet turned into raging river 100 yards (91m) wide and several feet deep.

ImpactImmense boulders were swept along with logs, fences, branches and walls of sheds. One boulder which was carried down measured over one yard square.

Affected LifelineTelegraph poles were snapped off.

Physical CharacteristicJust below Woodhaugh Paper Mills the water was blocked with debris. Water surged into neighbours houses to over 4 ft (1.22m).

Affected LifelineWoodhaugh bridge was submerged and a small bridge spanning Proctor's Creek was washed away.

Affected LifelineRoads were scoured out for distance of 7 to 8 chains (140-160m).

ImpactThree or four settlers were almost isolated.

Physical CharacteristicThe main North East Valley road was one unbroken sheet of water and was 3-5 ft (0.91-1.52m) deep in some places.

CommentThe havoc was complete in less than half an hour.

ImpactWater that rushed down hillsides along the main road from the direction of Normanby swept into hundreds of houses at the back and front leaving the occupants knee-deep.

ImpactWater swept iron tanks from stands for several yards and large iron pipes out of their setting.

ImpactSilt and slime of 1-3 ft (0.3-0.91m) was left in shops, houses and gardens once flood waters receded.

ImpactBelow George Street The Leith deposited water and debris in a garden and pavement which was 12-15 ft (3.7-4.6m) above its normal level.

Physical CharacteristicAt the Leith Street bridge, water was 10-12 ft (3.0-3.7m) above normal.

ImpactA fishing boat moored at the mouth of The Leith was reported missing.

ImpactWater poured down hillsides in torrential streams, washing out sections, undermining dwellings and leaving gaping holes.

LandslideLandslide
Comments:

ImpactLeith Valley had serious landslides affecting an area of over two acres

FloodingFlooding at Normanby
Map Location: -45.84226 170.54458
Comments:

ImpactAn immense volume of water from Signal Hill, burst through the rear of Clarke's laundry. There was approximately 3 ft (0.91m) of water inside and a hole had to be knocked in wall so it could escape.

Heavy RainHeavy Rain at North East Valley
Map Location: -45.85007 170.53009
Comments:

Physical CharacteristicNorth East Valley recorded 1.72 in (4.4cm) of rain in one hour.

FloodingFlooding
Comments:

CommentThe main road and side streets were a rushing river for almost three hours. Carr and Selwyn Street and Main street were inundated with flood waters.

DamageThere was severe damage done to roads and footpaths with some footpaths completely washed away in places.

EvacueesThe flooding was serious enough to do considerable damage and to compel many people to evacuate their dwellings.

Physical CharacteristicPeople had to wade through 3 ft (0.91m) deep flood waters.

References

MacLean, M., McGregor Wilke, J., and Alexander, J.G. (n.d.) Water of Leith and Lindsay's Creek, Dunedin.
Municipality of Dunedin (1912). City of Dunedin (New Zealand), Departmental Reports For the Year 1911-1912 (includes pictures)
Headline: Disasterous Cloud-burst, a dramatic sequel
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911,
Headline: A Trail of Devastation, Exciting Incidents.
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911,
Headline: North-East Valley Rainfall.
Otago Daily Times, 26 December 1911.
Headline: North-east Valley Flooded
Otago Daily Times, 29 December 1911,